Lewisite toxicity: Difference between revisions
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==Background== | ==Background== | ||
[[File:Lewisite poster ww2.jpg|thumb|File:Lewisite poster ww2.jpg]] | |||
*Abbreviation: L | *Abbreviation: L | ||
*A [[blister chemical agents|blister chemical agent]] (vesicant) type of [[chemical weapon]] | *A [[blister chemical agents|blister chemical agent]] (vesicant) type of [[chemical weapon]] | ||
*Arsenic-containing compound | |||
==Clinical Features== | ==Clinical Features== | ||
[[File:TestYperite4030618980 242ab5c81d b.jpg|thumb|Lewisite ('''top row''') and mustard gas test with concentrations from 0.01% to 0.06%]] | |||
*Odor of geraniums | |||
*Pain with immediate contact | |||
*May turn skin grayish color around vesicles | |||
==Differential Diagnosis== | ==Differential Diagnosis== | ||
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==Management== | ==Management== | ||
*British antilewisite ([[BAL]]) – chelating agent to reduce systemic effects from lewisite exposure. | |||
**Won’t alter the blistering effects on skin or airway. | |||
**Only used for patients with shock or severe pulmonary injury given BAL side effect | |||
**Relative contraindications to BAL: Renal disease, pregnancy | |||
==Disposition== | ==Disposition== | ||
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==References== | ==References== | ||
<references/> | <references/> | ||
[[Category:Toxicology]] | |||
Latest revision as of 23:45, 17 November 2021
Background
- Abbreviation: L
- A blister chemical agent (vesicant) type of chemical weapon
- Arsenic-containing compound
Clinical Features
- Odor of geraniums
- Pain with immediate contact
- May turn skin grayish color around vesicles
Differential Diagnosis
Chemical weapons
- Blister chemical agents (Vesicants)
- Lewisite (L)
- Sulfur mustard (H)
- Phosgene oxime (CX)
- Pulmonary chemical agents (Choking agents)
- Incendiary agents
- Cyanide chemical weapon agents (Blood agents)
- Prussic acid (AKA hydrogen cyanide, hydrocyanic acid, or formonitrile)
- Nerve Agents (organophosphates)
- Acetylcholinesterase inhibitors
- Household and commercial pesticides (diazinon and parathion)
- G-series (sarin, tabun, soman)
- V-series (VX)
- Lacrimating or riot-control agents
- Pepper spray
- Chloroacetophenone
- CS
Evaluation
Management
- British antilewisite (BAL) – chelating agent to reduce systemic effects from lewisite exposure.
- Won’t alter the blistering effects on skin or airway.
- Only used for patients with shock or severe pulmonary injury given BAL side effect
- Relative contraindications to BAL: Renal disease, pregnancy