Methotrexate: Difference between revisions
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*Dosage Forms: | *Dosage Forms: | ||
*Routes of Administration: IV/IM, oral | *Routes of Administration: IV/IM, oral | ||
*Common Trade Names: | *Common Trade Names: Trexall, Rheumatrex, Otrexup | ||
==Adult Dosing== | ==Adult Dosing== | ||
| Line 30: | Line 30: | ||
*Hepatotoxicity | *Hepatotoxicity | ||
*Nephrotoxicity | *Nephrotoxicity | ||
*Myelosuppression, aplastic anemia, pancytopenia | *Myelosuppression, [[aplastic anemia]], [[pancytopenia]] | ||
*Infectious disease | *Infectious disease | ||
*Tumor lysis syndrome | *[[Tumor lysis syndrome]] | ||
*GI bleed | *[[GI bleed]] | ||
*Neurotoxicity, seizure | *Neurotoxicity, [[seizure]] | ||
*Pericardial effusion | *[[Pericardial effusion]] | ||
*TEN | *[[TEN]] | ||
===Common=== | ===Common=== | ||
*Nausea/vomiting, diarrhea | *[[Nausea/vomiting]], [[diarrhea]] | ||
*Stomatitis | *Stomatitis | ||
*Leukopenia, thrombocytopenia | *[[Leukopenia]], [[thrombocytopenia]] | ||
*Alopecia, photosensitivity, rash | *Alopecia, photosensitivity, [[rash]] | ||
*Dizziness | *[[Dizziness]] | ||
==Pharmacology== | ==Pharmacology== | ||
*Half-life: 8-15hr | *Half-life: 8-15hr | ||
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==Mechanism of Action== | ==Mechanism of Action== | ||
*Inhibits dihydrofolate | *Inhibits dihydrofolate reductase→ blocks DNA synthesis and thus, cellular replication/repair | ||
==Comments== | ==Comments== | ||
==See Also== | ==See Also== | ||
[[Methotrexate_toxicity]] | |||
==References== | ==References== | ||
<references/> | <references/> | ||
[[Category:Pharmacology]] | [[Category:Pharmacology]] | ||
Latest revision as of 19:44, 8 March 2021
Administration
- Type: Immunosuppressant/antineoplastic
- Dosage Forms:
- Routes of Administration: IV/IM, oral
- Common Trade Names: Trexall, Rheumatrex, Otrexup
Adult Dosing
Ectopic pregnancy
- Single-dose regimen: Methotrexate 50 mg/m2
Pediatric Dosing
Special Populations
- Pregnancy Rating: X
- Lactation risk: Infant risk has been determined (risk of serious adverse effects for infant)
Renal Dosing
- Adult:
- Pediatric:
Hepatic Dosing
- Adult:
- Pediatric:
Contraindications
- Allergy to class/drug
- Breastfeeding, pregnant, or possibility of impregnating someone
- Blood dyscrasias
- Chronic liver disease
Adverse Reactions
Serious
- Hepatotoxicity
- Nephrotoxicity
- Myelosuppression, aplastic anemia, pancytopenia
- Infectious disease
- Tumor lysis syndrome
- GI bleed
- Neurotoxicity, seizure
- Pericardial effusion
- TEN
Common
- Nausea/vomiting, diarrhea
- Stomatitis
- Leukopenia, thrombocytopenia
- Alopecia, photosensitivity, rash
- Dizziness
Pharmacology
- Half-life: 8-15hr
- Metabolism: Extensive hepatic and intracellular
- Excretion: Mostly renal. Dialyzable.
Mechanism of Action
- Inhibits dihydrofolate reductase→ blocks DNA synthesis and thus, cellular replication/repair