Fever and rash: Difference between revisions
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{{Primary derm lesions names}} | {{Primary derm lesions names}} | ||
==[[petechiae|Petechial]]== | ==Differential Diagnosis by Rash Type== | ||
===[[petechiae|Petechial]]=== | |||
*Infectious | *Infectious | ||
**[[Dengue fever]] | **[[Dengue fever]] | ||
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**[[Thrombocytopenia]] | **[[Thrombocytopenia]] | ||
===Pediatric=== | ====Pediatric==== | ||
''Skin changes are often the most concerning finding in a pediatric fever'' | ''Skin changes are often the most concerning finding in a pediatric fever'' | ||
*[[HSP]] | *[[HSP]] | ||
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*[[TTP]] | *[[TTP]] | ||
==Maculopapular== | ===Maculopapular=== | ||
*Infectious | *Infectious | ||
**[[Adenovirus]] | **[[Adenovirus]] | ||
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**[[Sweet's syndrome]] | **[[Sweet's syndrome]] | ||
==[[Vesiculobullous rashes|Vesico-Bullous]]== | ===[[Vesiculobullous rashes|Vesico-Bullous]]=== | ||
*Infectious | *Infectious | ||
**[[Enterovirus]] | **[[Enterovirus]] | ||
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**[[Poison Oak, Ivy, Sumac|Plant dermatitis]] | **[[Poison Oak, Ivy, Sumac|Plant dermatitis]] | ||
==Erythematous== | ===Erythematous=== | ||
*Infectious | *Infectious | ||
**[[Staph]]/[[strep]] ([[toxic shock syndrome|toxic shock]], [[scarlet fever]]) | **[[Staph]]/[[strep]] ([[toxic shock syndrome|toxic shock]], [[scarlet fever]]) | ||
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**Vasodilation | **Vasodilation | ||
==Urticarial== | ===Urticarial=== | ||
*Infectious | *Infectious | ||
**[[Adenovirus]] | **[[Adenovirus]] | ||
Revision as of 18:23, 30 July 2025
Background
Rash Red Flags[1]
- Fever
- Toxic appearance
- Hypotension
- Mucosal lesions
- Severe pain
- Very old or young age
- Immunosuppressed
- New medication
Dermatology Nomenclature
Small lesions (<0.5cm)
| Name | Raised/Palpable | Fluid-Filled | Other Description | Diagram |
| Macule | No | None | flat, cirumscribed, colored | 
|
| Papule | Yes | None | Solid | 
|
| Vesicle | Yes | Clear | .png)
| |
| Pustule | Yes | Pus | Leukocytes or keratin | 
|
Large lesions (>0.5cm)
| Name | Raised/Palpable | Fluid-Filled | Other Description | Diagram |
| Patch | No | None | Large macule (flat, colored) | 
|
| Plaque | Yes | None | Superficially raised, circumscribed solid area | 
|
| Nodule | Yes | None | Distinct large papule | 
|
| Bulla | Yes | Clear | Large vesicle/blister or exposed epidermal layer | 
|
| Wheal | Yes | Edema | Firm and edema of dermis |
Other
- Eschar
- Fissure/erosion/ulcer
- Necrotizing rashes
Differential Diagnosis by Rash Type
Petechial
- Infectious
- Noninfectious
- Allergy
- Amyloidosis
- HSP
- Hypersensitivity vasculitis
- Lupus
- Rheumatic fever
- Scurvy
- Thrombocytopenia
Pediatric
Skin changes are often the most concerning finding in a pediatric fever
Maculopapular
- Infectious
- Noninfectious
Vesico-Bullous
- Infectious
- Noninfectious
- Allergy
- Eczema vaccinatum
- Erythema multiforme bullosum
- Plant dermatitis
Erythematous
- Infectious
Urticarial
- Infectious
- Noninfectious
- Allergy
- Idiopathic
- Malignancy
- Vasculitis
See Also
References
- ↑ Nguyen T and Freedman J. Dermatologic Emergencies: Diagnosing and Managing Life-Threatening Rashes. Emergency Medicine Practice. September 2002 volume 4 no 9.