Premature junctional contraction: Difference between revisions
ClaireLewis (talk | contribs) No edit summary |
|||
| Line 1: | Line 1: | ||
==Background== | ==Background== | ||
Premature junctional contractions (PJCs) are typically seen in patients with underlying heart failure, digoxin | Premature junctional contractions (PJCs) are typically seen in patients with underlying [[heart failure]], [[digoxin toxicity]], or [[myocardial ischemia]]. They occur due to an ectopic pacemaker within the AV node or AV bundle.<ref>Brady W, Laughrey T, Ghaemmaghami C. Cardiac rhythm disturbances. In Tintinalli's Emergency Medicine: A Comprehensive Guide. Tintinalli J, et al. ed. 8th ed. McGraw Hill. New York, NY, 2016.</ref> | ||
==Clinical Features== | ==Clinical Features== | ||
*Patients may be asymptomatic or experience the following: | *Patients may be asymptomatic or experience the following: | ||
**Palpitations | **[[Palpitations]] | ||
**Shortness of breath | **[[Shortness of breath]] | ||
**Anxiety | **[[Anxiety]] | ||
**Symptoms of underlying disease process | **Symptoms of underlying disease process | ||
| Line 13: | Line 13: | ||
==Evaluation== | ==Evaluation== | ||
*Obtain EKG and look for: | *Obtain [[EKG]] and look for: | ||
**Ectopic P waves that have different morphology than the SA node-initiated P waves | **Ectopic P waves that have different morphology than the SA node-initiated P waves | ||
**P waves may occur before or after QRS | **P waves may occur before or after QRS | ||
| Line 36: | Line 36: | ||
==References== | ==References== | ||
<references/> | <references/> | ||
[[Category:Cardiology]] | |||
Latest revision as of 17:45, 25 October 2020
Background
Premature junctional contractions (PJCs) are typically seen in patients with underlying heart failure, digoxin toxicity, or myocardial ischemia. They occur due to an ectopic pacemaker within the AV node or AV bundle.[1]
Clinical Features
- Patients may be asymptomatic or experience the following:
- Palpitations
- Shortness of breath
- Anxiety
- Symptoms of underlying disease process
Differential Diagnosis
Palpitations
- Arrhythmias:
- Non-arrhythmic cardiac causes:
- Psychiatric causes:
- Drugs and Medications:
- Alcohol
- Caffeine
- Drugs of abuse (e.g. cocaine)
- Medications (e.g. digoxin, theophylline)
- Tobacco
- Misc
Evaluation
- Obtain EKG and look for:
- Ectopic P waves that have different morphology than the SA node-initiated P waves
- P waves may occur before or after QRS
- QRS should have similar morphology to SA node-initiated QRS complexes
- PJCs may be isolated, occur in trigeminy or bigeminy, or be multifocal.[2]
- Rule out underlying disease processes such as digoxin toxicity, heart failure, or myocardial ischemia.
Management
- No specific treatment indicated, though treatment of the underlying disorder may be indicated.
Disposition
- Discharge home without specific follow-up, unless indicated for the underlying disorder.
See Also
External Links
References
- ↑ Brady W, Laughrey T, Ghaemmaghami C. Cardiac rhythm disturbances. In Tintinalli's Emergency Medicine: A Comprehensive Guide. Tintinalli J, et al. ed. 8th ed. McGraw Hill. New York, NY, 2016.
- ↑ Brady W, Laughrey T, Ghaemmaghami C. Cardiac rhythm disturbances. In Tintinalli's Emergency Medicine: A Comprehensive Guide. Tintinalli J, et al. ed. 8th ed. McGraw Hill. New York, NY, 2016.