Rubella: Difference between revisions
ClaireLewis (talk | contribs) No edit summary |
NadavNahumi (talk | contribs) |
||
| Line 2: | Line 2: | ||
*Also known as "German measles" | *Also known as "German measles" | ||
*Incubation 2-3wk | *Incubation 2-3wk | ||
*Nearly eradicated in the United States with the use of the MMR (measles, mumps, rubella) vaccination | |||
==Clinical Features== | ==Clinical Features== | ||
Revision as of 22:35, 18 March 2020
Background
- Also known as "German measles"
- Incubation 2-3wk
- Nearly eradicated in the United States with the use of the MMR (measles, mumps, rubella) vaccination
Clinical Features
- Prodrome 1-5d
- Fever, malaise, headache, sore throat
- Rash
- May be short-lived or protracted (2-3d)
- Pink macules/papules on face, spreads to neck, trunk, arms
- Coalesces on face as it reaches the lower extremities
- Forschheimer spots: petechiae on hard/soft palate
- Lymphadenopathy
- Suboccipital and posterior auricular nodes
- Arthralgias, arthritis
- Rare complications
- Thrombocytopenia, thrombocytopenic purpura
- Encephalitis
- Risk of severe congenital illness if fetus exposed to virus, especially in 1st trimester
Differential Diagnosis
Pediatric Rash
- Atopic dermatitis
- Bed bugs
- Contact dermatitis
- Drug rash
- Erythema infectiosum (Fifth disease)
- Hand-foot-and-mouth disease
- Henoch-schonlein purpura (HSP)
- Herpangina
- Herpes simplex virus (HSV)
- Infectious mononucleosis
- Meningitis
- Measles
- Molluscum contagiosum
- Roseola infantum
- Rubella (German measles)
- Scabies
- Scarlet fever
- Smallpox
- Varicella (Chickenpox)
Evaluation
- Clinical history and lack of immunization usually sufficient for diagnosis
- CDC also recommends sending throat/nasal swabs for PCR[1]
Management
- Supportive care
- Isolation for 7 days after onset of rash[2]
- Contact health department