Pediatric rashes
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This page is for pediatric patients; for other age groups see general approach to rashes and neonatal rashes
Background
Dermatology Nomenclature
Small lesions (<0.5cm)
Name | Raised/Palpable | Fluid-Filled | Other Description | Diagram |
Macule | No | None | flat, cirumscribed, colored | |
Papule | Yes | None | Solid | |
Vesicle | Yes | Clear | ||
Pustule | Yes | Pus | Leukocytes or keratin |
Large lesions (>0.5cm)
Name | Raised/Palpable | Fluid-Filled | Other Description | Diagram |
Patch | No | None | Large macule (flat, colored) | |
Plaque | Yes | None | Superficially raised, circumscribed solid area | |
Nodule | Yes | None | Distinct large papule | |
Bulla | Yes | Clear | Large vesicle/blister or exposed epidermal layer | |
Wheal | Yes | Edema | Firm and edema of dermis |
Other
- Eschar
- Fissure/erosion/ulcer
- Necrotizing rashes
Rash Red Flags[1]
- Fever
- Toxic appearance
- Hypotension
- Mucosal lesions
- Severe pain
- Very old or young age
- Immunosuppressed
- New medication
Clinical Features
Differential Diagnosis
Pediatric Rash
- Atopic dermatitis
- Bed bugs
- Contact dermatitis
- Drug rash
- Erythema infectiosum (Fifth disease)
- Hand-foot-and-mouth disease
- Henoch-schonlein purpura (HSP)
- Herpangina
- Herpes simplex virus (HSV)
- Infectious mononucleosis
- Meningitis
- Measles
- Molluscum contagiosum
- Roseola infantum
- Rubella (German measles)
- Scabies
- Scarlet fever
- Smallpox
- Varicella (Chickenpox)
Evaluation
Pediatric rashes visual diagnosis
Management
Disposition
See Also
References
- ↑ Nguyen T and Freedman J. Dermatologic Emergencies: Diagnosing and Managing Life-Threatening Rashes. Emergency Medicine Practice. September 2002 volume 4 no 9.