Roseola infantum: Difference between revisions
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==Background== | ==Background== | ||
{{Skin anatomy background images}} | |||
*Also known as Exanthem Subitum | *Also known as Exanthem Subitum | ||
*Likely caused by HHV-6 | *Likely caused by HHV-6 | ||
{{Herpes viruses}} | |||
==Clinical Features== | ==Clinical Features== | ||
| Line 15: | Line 18: | ||
===Complications=== | ===Complications=== | ||
*[[Febrile seizure|Seizures]] | *[[Febrile seizure|Seizures]] | ||
**Seizure can occur in a small number of infants and children during the febrile phase <ref>Sara Bode; Contagious Exanthematous Diseases. ''Quick References 2022''; 10.1542/aap.ppcqr.396150</ref> | |||
*Aseptic [[meningitis]] | *Aseptic [[meningitis]] | ||
*[[Encephalitis]] | *[[Encephalitis]] | ||
Latest revision as of 18:13, 11 December 2024
Background
- Also known as Exanthem Subitum
- Likely caused by HHV-6
Herpes Virus Types
- HHV-1: Herpes Simplex Virus-1
- HHV-2: Herpes Simplex Virus-2
- Herpes B virus
- Varicella zoster virus
- Varicella (Chickenpox)
- Herpes zoster (Shingles)
- Herpes zoster ophthalmicus
- Herpes zoster oticus (Ramsay Hunt syndrome)
- HHV-6 (Roseola infantum)
- HHV-8 (Kaposi’s sarcoma)
- Epstein-Barr virus
- Cytomegalovirus
Clinical Features
- 3-5d prodrome of high fever → then defervescence → then rash for 1-2d
- Rash - erythematous macular eruption of discrete, pink lesions
- Mostly on neck, trunk, buttocks
- No mucus membrane involvement
- Lymphadenopathy often present
- Often erythematous tympanic membranes
- May have sterile pyuria
Complications
- Seizures
- Seizure can occur in a small number of infants and children during the febrile phase [1]
- Aseptic meningitis
- Encephalitis
- Thrombocytopenic purpura
Differential Diagnosis
Pediatric Rash
- Atopic dermatitis
- Bed bugs
- Contact dermatitis
- Drug rash
- Erythema infectiosum (Fifth disease)
- Hand-foot-and-mouth disease
- Henoch-schonlein purpura (HSP)
- Herpangina
- Herpes simplex virus (HSV)
- Infectious mononucleosis
- Meningitis
- Measles
- Molluscum contagiosum
- Roseola infantum
- Rubella (German measles)
- Scabies
- Scarlet fever
- Smallpox
- Varicella (Chickenpox)
Evaluation
- Clinical diagnosis, based on history and physical exam
Management
- Supportive care
Disposition
- Discharge
See Also
References
- ↑ Sara Bode; Contagious Exanthematous Diseases. Quick References 2022; 10.1542/aap.ppcqr.396150