Viral syndrome: Difference between revisions
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*Among the most common illnesses encountered in ED | *Among the most common illnesses encountered in ED | ||
*Majority trivial, some may be life-threatening | *Majority trivial, some may be life-threatening | ||
*Depending on the type of virus: may be transmitted via direct contact, droplet, fecal-oral, saliva, sexual contact, venereal, or vertical transmission. | |||
==Clinical Features== | ==Clinical Features== | ||
*Generalized viral features | |||
**[[Myalgia]] | |||
**[[Arthralgia]] | |||
**[[Fever]] | |||
**[[Lymphadenopathy]] | |||
**[[Rash]] | |||
*Specific viral syndromes | |||
**[[Gastroenteritis]] | |||
**[[Encephalitis]] | |||
**[[Hepatitis]] | |||
**[[Meningitis]] | |||
**Viral [[pneumonia]] | |||
**[[URI]] | |||
==Differential Diagnosis== | ==Differential Diagnosis== | ||
| Line 11: | Line 25: | ||
*[[Arbovirus]] | *[[Arbovirus]] | ||
*[[CMV]] | *[[CMV]] | ||
*Coronavirus | *[[Coronavirus]] | ||
* | *[[Coxsackie virus]] | ||
**[[Hand-foot-and-mouth disease]] | **[[Hand-foot-and-mouth disease]] | ||
*[[Herpes simplex virus|Herpesvirus]] | *[[Herpes simplex virus|Herpesvirus]] | ||
| Line 20: | Line 34: | ||
*[[Influenza]] virus | *[[Influenza]] virus | ||
*[[Laryngitis]] | *[[Laryngitis]] | ||
*Rhinovirus | *[[Rhinovirus]] | ||
*[[Varicella]] | *[[Varicella]] | ||
== | {{Acute Fever DDX}} | ||
==Evaluation== | |||
*Clinical diagnosis | *Clinical diagnosis | ||
*Serology testing may be indicated to diagnose or rule-out life-threatening causes | *Serology testing may be indicated to diagnose or rule-out life-threatening causes | ||
| Line 30: | Line 46: | ||
*Symptomatic management | *Symptomatic management | ||
*Exclude other causes if serious presentation | *Exclude other causes if serious presentation | ||
**Consider empiric acyclovir and antibiotics until HSV and bacterial causes ruled out. | **Consider empiric acyclovir and antibiotics until [[HSV]] and bacterial causes ruled out. | ||
==Disposition== | ==Disposition== | ||
*Outpatient treatment | |||
==See Also== | ==See Also== | ||
*[[Fever]] | |||
==External Links== | ==External Links== | ||
| Line 41: | Line 59: | ||
*Takhar SS, Moran GJ. Disseminated Viral Infections. In: Tintinalli JE, Stapczynski J, Ma O, Cline DM, Cydulka RK, Meckler GD, T. eds. Tintinalli's Emergency Medicine: A Comprehensive Study Guide. New York, NY: McGraw-Hill; 2011. | *Takhar SS, Moran GJ. Disseminated Viral Infections. In: Tintinalli JE, Stapczynski J, Ma O, Cline DM, Cydulka RK, Meckler GD, T. eds. Tintinalli's Emergency Medicine: A Comprehensive Study Guide. New York, NY: McGraw-Hill; 2011. | ||
<references/> | <references/> | ||
[[Category:ID]] | |||
Latest revision as of 15:25, 14 September 2019
Background
- Among the most common illnesses encountered in ED
- Majority trivial, some may be life-threatening
- Depending on the type of virus: may be transmitted via direct contact, droplet, fecal-oral, saliva, sexual contact, venereal, or vertical transmission.
Clinical Features
- Generalized viral features
- Specific viral syndromes
Differential Diagnosis
Viral infections
- Adenovirus
- Acute Bronchitis
- Arbovirus
- CMV
- Coronavirus
- Coxsackie virus
- Herpesvirus
- HIV (Acute Retroviral Syndrome)
- Infectious mononucleosis (EBV)
- Influenza virus
- Laryngitis
- Rhinovirus
- Varicella
Fever
Infectious
- Critical
- Sepsis
- PNA with respiratory failure
- Peritonitis
- Meningitis
- Cavernous Sinus Thrombosis
- Necrotizing Fasciitis
- Emergent
- PNA
- Peritonsillar Abscess
- Retropharyngeal Abscess
- Epiglottitis
- Endocarditis
- Pericarditis
- Appendicitis
- Cholecystitis
- Diverticulitis
- Intra-abdominal abscess
- Pyelonephritis
- Tubo-ovarian abscess
- Encephalitis
- Brain abscess
- Cellulitis
- Abscess
- Malaria
- Non-emergent
Non-infectious
- Critical
- Emergent
- CHF
- Dehydration
- Recent Seizure
- Sickle Cell Dz
- Transplant rejection
- Pancreatitis
- DVT
- Serotonin Syndrome
- Non-emergent
- Drug fever (except as in NMS and Serotonin Syndrome)
- Malignancy
- Gout
- Sarcoidosis
- Crohn's Disease
- Postmyocardiotomy syndrome
- Sweet's syndrome
Evaluation
- Clinical diagnosis
- Serology testing may be indicated to diagnose or rule-out life-threatening causes
Management
- Symptomatic management
- Exclude other causes if serious presentation
- Consider empiric acyclovir and antibiotics until HSV and bacterial causes ruled out.
Disposition
- Outpatient treatment
See Also
External Links
References
- Takhar SS, Moran GJ. Disseminated Viral Infections. In: Tintinalli JE, Stapczynski J, Ma O, Cline DM, Cydulka RK, Meckler GD, T. eds. Tintinalli's Emergency Medicine: A Comprehensive Study Guide. New York, NY: McGraw-Hill; 2011.