Syndrome
|
Main causal cancers
|
Mechanism
|
Cushing syndrome |
Small cell lung cancer, pancreatic carcinoma, neural tumors, thymoma |
Ectopic ACTH/ACTH-like substance production
|
SIADH |
Small cell lung cancer, CNS malignancies |
Ectopic ADH production
|
Hypercalcemia |
Lung (esp. SCC), breast, renal/bladder, ovarian, multiple myeloma, adult T cell leukemia/lymphoma, squamous cell carcinoma |
|
Hypoglycemia |
Sarcomas, insulinoma, hepatocellular carcinoma |
Insulin/IGF production
|
Carcinoid syndrome |
Bronchial adenoma, pancreatic and gastric carcinoma |
Serotonin or bradykinin production
|
Hyperaldosteronism |
Adrenal adenoma, non-Hodgkin's lymphoma, ovarian carcinoma, lung cancer |
increased/ectopic aldosterone production
|
Lambert-Eaton myasthenic syndrome |
Small cell lung cancer |
Immune-mediated
|
Paraneoplastic cerebellar degeneration |
Lung, ovarian, breast cancers, Hodgkin's lymphoma |
|
Opsoclonus myoclonus syndrome |
Neuroblastoma (occurs in 2-3% of peds cases), breast, ovarian, small-cell carcinoma |
Autoimmune; s/sx include opsoclonus/myoclonus and other cerebellar dysfunction, aphasia, lethargy/irritability
|
Brain-stem or limbic encephalitis |
Small cell lung cancer, germ-cell testicular tumors |
Autoantibodies against intracellular neuronal proteins
|
Anti-NMDA receptor encephalitis |
Gyn tumors (esp. teratomas) |
Anti-NMDA receptor auto-antibodies
|
Polymyositis/Dermatomyositis |
Lymphoma, lung, pancreatic, stomach, bladder, ovarian |
autoimmune
|
Acanthosis nigricans |
Gastric, lung, uterine |
Epidermal growth factor secretion
|
Misc. derm conditions (Sweet's syndrome, Leser-Trelat sign, pyoderma gangrenosum, florid cutaneous papillomatosis, necrolytic migratory erythema, hypertrichosis) |
lung, GI adenocarcinomas, breast and GU cancers, lymphoma |
|
VTE, thrombophlebitis |
any advanced cancer. Pancreatic and bronchogenic carcinomas associated w/trousseau's sign |
Hypercoagulability
|
Polycythemia |
Renal cell carcinoma, cerebellar hemangioma, hepatocellular carcinoma |
Increased erythropoietin production
|
Granulocytosis |
various |
C-GSF
|
Membranous glomerulonephritis |
|
tumor antigens/immune complexes
|
Thymoma-associated multiorgan autoimmunity |
Thymoma |
similar to GVHD
|