Non-Hodgkin's lymphoma
Background
- Can originate in lymphatic system or any organ in the body
- Occurs in children >5 years old
- Immunosuppression (e.g. HIV, crohn's, chemotherapy) is a risk factor
Clinical Features
- Lymphadenopathy
- Hepatosplenomegaly
- "B" symptoms (fever, night sweats, weight loss)
- GI: GI bleed, intussusception, nausea/vomiting
- Signs/symptoms of complications:
- Superior vena cava syndrome
- Pleural effusion, pericardial effusion
- Malignant cord compression
- Tumor lysis syndrome (rare in absence of active treatment)
Differential Diagnosis
Cervical Lymphadenopathy
- Hodgkin's lymphoma
- Non-Hodgkin's lymphoma
- Mononucleosis
- Toxoplasmosis
- Branchial cleft lesions
- Cat scratch disease
- Mycobacterial adenitis
Acute Leukemia/Lymphoma
Lymphadenitis
Infectious
- Reactive adenitis
- Bacterial lymphadenitis
- Tuberculous lymphadenitis
- Cellulitis
- Cat-scratch disease
- Parotitis
- Lymphangitis
- Toxoplasmosis
- Tularemia
- Viral disease
- Fungal disease
- Reactive adenitis
Non-Infectious
- Malignancy
- Lymphoma
- Metastatic cancer
- Rheumatologic Disease
- Kawasaki Disease
- Systemic lupus erythematosus
- Sarcoidosis
- Juvenile Idiopathic Arthritis
- Langerhans Cell Histiocytosis
- Cutaneous Lesions:
- Bacillary angiomatosis
- Purpura
- Hematomas
- Angiomas
- Dermatofibromas
- Nevi
- Drug reaction
- Postvaccination
- Sarcoidosis
- Salivary gland diagnoses
Evaluation
Management
See management sections of specific complications:
- Superior vena cava syndrome
- Pleural effusion, pericardial effusion
- Malignant cord compression
- Tumor lysis syndrome
- Neutropenic fever
- Nausea/vomiting
- GI bleeding, intussusception