Linezolid: Difference between revisions
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==General== | ==General== | ||
*Type: Oxazolidinone | *Type: Oxazolidinone [[antibiotic]] | ||
*Dosage Forms: PO/IV | *Dosage Forms: PO/IV | ||
*Common Trade Names: Zyvox | *Common Trade Names: Zyvox | ||
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==Pediatric Dosing== | ==Pediatric Dosing== | ||
* >12 years old: 600mg IV/PO q12h | |||
*<12 years: 10mg/kg IV/PO q8-12h | |||
==Special Populations== | ==Special Populations== | ||
*[[Drug Ratings in Pregnancy|Pregnancy Rating]]: | *[[Drug Ratings in Pregnancy|Pregnancy Rating]]: C | ||
*Lactation: | *Lactation: Infant risk cannot be ruled out | ||
*Renal Dosing | *Renal Dosing | ||
** | **Renal impairment: no adjustment | ||
** | **Hemodialysis: give dose after HD | ||
Hepatic dosing: no adjustment for mild-moderate impairment (Child-Pugh Class A or B) | |||
==Contraindications== | ==Contraindications== | ||
*Allergy to class/drug | *Allergy to class/drug | ||
*Use of MAOIs, concomitantly or within past 14 days | |||
==Adverse Reactions== | ==Adverse Reactions== | ||
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*Peripheral and optic neuropathy | *Peripheral and optic neuropathy | ||
*[[Lactic acidosis]] | *[[Lactic acidosis]] | ||
*Clostridium difficile diarrhea | |||
*Liver injury | |||
*Seizure | |||
===Common=== | ===Common=== | ||
*GI upset | *GI upset | ||
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==Pharmacology== | ==Pharmacology== | ||
*Half-life: | *Half-life: adults- 4.7-5.1h, pediatrics- 1.5-4.1 | ||
*Metabolism: | *Metabolism: | ||
*Excretion: | *Excretion: | ||
==Mechanism of Action== | |||
==[[Antibiotic Sensitivities]]<ref>Sanford Guide to Antimicrobial Therapy 2014</ref>== | ==[[Antibiotic Sensitivities]]<ref>Sanford Guide to Antimicrobial Therapy 2014</ref>== | ||
Revision as of 16:45, 17 May 2017
General
- Type: Oxazolidinone antibiotic
- Dosage Forms: PO/IV
- Common Trade Names: Zyvox
- Bacteriostatic, so prefer another agent in bacteremia
Adult Dosing
- VRE infections:
- 600 mg PO/IV Q12H x 14-28 days
- Pneumonia, community-acquired:
- 600 mg PO/IV Q12H x 5 days
- Pneumonia, hospital-acquired or ventilator-associated:
- 600 mg PO/IV Q12H x 5 days
- Uncomplicated skin infections:
- 400 mg PO Q12H x 10-14 days
- Complicated skin infections:
- 600 mg PO/IV Q12H x 10-14 days
- Endocarditis
- 600 mg PO/IV Q12H x 6 weeks
Pediatric Dosing
- >12 years old: 600mg IV/PO q12h
- <12 years: 10mg/kg IV/PO q8-12h
Special Populations
- Pregnancy Rating: C
- Lactation: Infant risk cannot be ruled out
- Renal Dosing
- Renal impairment: no adjustment
- Hemodialysis: give dose after HD
Hepatic dosing: no adjustment for mild-moderate impairment (Child-Pugh Class A or B)
Contraindications
- Allergy to class/drug
- Use of MAOIs, concomitantly or within past 14 days
Adverse Reactions
Serious
- Serotonin syndrome can be caused with concomitant use with an SSRI or MAOI
- Myelosuppression can occur after two week of use
- Peripheral and optic neuropathy
- Lactic acidosis
- Clostridium difficile diarrhea
- Liver injury
- Seizure
Common
- GI upset
- Headache
- Fever
Pharmacology
- Half-life: adults- 4.7-5.1h, pediatrics- 1.5-4.1
- Metabolism:
- Excretion:
Mechanism of Action
Antibiotic Sensitivities[1]
Key
- S susceptible/sensitive (usually)
- I intermediate (variably susceptible/resistant)
- R resistant (or not effective clinically)
- S+ synergistic with cell wall antibiotics
- U sensitive for UTI only (non systemic infection)
- X1 no data
- X2 active in vitro, but not used clinically
- X3 active in vitro, but not clinically effective for Group A strep pharyngitis or infections due to E. faecalis
- X4 active in vitro, but not clinically effective for strep pneumonia
See Also
Source
- ↑ Sanford Guide to Antimicrobial Therapy 2014