Reduced-osmolarity oral rehydration solution: Difference between revisions

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*Commercially available: Pedialyte, Rehydralyte, Infalyte
==Background==
*Homemade solution:
[[File:Children-who-receive-ors.png|thumb]]
**1 litre water
[[File:Cholera rehydration nurses.jpg|thumb|Cholera patient drinking oral rehydration solution (ORS) to counteract cholera-induced dehydration.]]
**8 teaspoons sugar
*''This is the current ORS solution recommended for oral re-hydration of children and adults''
**1 tsp salt
*In 2003, WHO and UNICEF recommended that the osmolarity of ORS be reduced from 311 to 245 mOsm/L .<ref>[http://www.unicef.org/supply/files/Oral_Rehydration_Salts(ORS)_.pdf "New formulation of oral rehydration salts (ORS) with reduced osmolarity."] UNICEF.</ref>
**Can add banana or orange juice for potassium
*Need for unscheduled supplemental IV therapy in children given this solution was reduced by 33%


==Contents==
Components:<ref>[http://www.who.int/medicines/publications/pharmacopoeia/Oralrehydrationsalts.pdf Oral rehydration salts]</ref>
*2.6g NaCl
*2.9g Trisodium citrate
*1.5 g KCl
*13.5 g glucose
*per 1L of water


0.5 teaspoon salt
6 teaspoons sugar


htttp://www.who.int/
*Sodium = 75 mEq/L
*Glucose = 75 mmol/L
*Total osmolarity = 245 mOsm/L


==Preparations==
[[File:DripDrop ORS Flavor packets and cup of watermelon DripDrop.jpg|thumb|There are multiple different brands selling ORS solutions. Check to confirm their formulation is consistent with current guidelines.]]
===Commercially Available===
*Pedialyte
*Rehydralyte
*Infalyte


ORS includes in 1L of water: 2.6g NaCl, 2.9g Trisodium citrate, 1.5 g KCl, and 13.5 g glucose
===Reduced-Osmolarity ORS Homemade Solution<ref name="who.int">, [http://www.who.int/cholera/technical/en/ "WHO position paper on Oral Rehydration Salts to reduce mortality from cholera."] World Health Organization, Global Task Force on Cholera Control.</ref>===
{| {{table}}
| align="center" style="background:#f0f0f0;"|'''Component'''
| align="center" style="background:#f0f0f0;"|'''Amount'''
| align="center" style="background:#f0f0f0;"|'''Grams'''
|-
| Sugar||6 level teaspoons||25.2
|-
| Salt (NaCl)||0.5 teaspoons||2.1
|-
| Water||1 liter||1,000
|}


===Reduced Osmolarity Oral Rehydration Solution (ORS)===
==Directions==
*Use for children with acute non-cholera diarrha
*Should be encouraged to drink frequent, small sips
*Sodium = 75 mEq/L; glucose = 75 mmol/L; total osmolarity = 245 mOsm/L
**Even patients who are vomiting can often be treated orally if they take small frequent sips
*Need for unscheduled supplemental IV therapy in children given this solution was reduced by 33%.
*Vomiting frequently subsides acidosis is corrected
 
==See Also==
*[[Dehydration (peds)]]
*[[Diarrhea]]
*[[Cholera]]
 
==External Links==
*http://rehydrate.org/ors/low-osmolarity-ors.htm
 
==References==
<references/>
 
[[Category:FEN]]
[[Category:GI]]

Latest revision as of 21:10, 6 March 2024

Background

Children-who-receive-ors.png
Cholera patient drinking oral rehydration solution (ORS) to counteract cholera-induced dehydration.
  • This is the current ORS solution recommended for oral re-hydration of children and adults
  • In 2003, WHO and UNICEF recommended that the osmolarity of ORS be reduced from 311 to 245 mOsm/L .[1]
  • Need for unscheduled supplemental IV therapy in children given this solution was reduced by 33%

Contents

Components:[2]

  • 2.6g NaCl
  • 2.9g Trisodium citrate
  • 1.5 g KCl
  • 13.5 g glucose
  • per 1L of water


  • Sodium = 75 mEq/L
  • Glucose = 75 mmol/L
  • Total osmolarity = 245 mOsm/L

Preparations

There are multiple different brands selling ORS solutions. Check to confirm their formulation is consistent with current guidelines.

Commercially Available

  • Pedialyte
  • Rehydralyte
  • Infalyte

Reduced-Osmolarity ORS Homemade Solution[3]

Component Amount Grams
Sugar 6 level teaspoons 25.2
Salt (NaCl) 0.5 teaspoons 2.1
Water 1 liter 1,000

Directions

  • Should be encouraged to drink frequent, small sips
    • Even patients who are vomiting can often be treated orally if they take small frequent sips
  • Vomiting frequently subsides acidosis is corrected

See Also

External Links

References

  1. ↑ "New formulation of oral rehydration salts (ORS) with reduced osmolarity." UNICEF.
  2. ↑ Oral rehydration salts
  3. ↑ , "WHO position paper on Oral Rehydration Salts to reduce mortality from cholera." World Health Organization, Global Task Force on Cholera Control.
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