Antihistamines: Difference between revisions
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==Types== | ==Types== | ||
===H<sub>1</sub> antagonists=== | ===H<sub>1</sub> antagonists=== | ||
*[[ | *First-generation (sedating; '''[[High-risk geriatric medication]]!''') | ||
*[[ | **[[Diphenhydramine]] (Benadryl) | ||
*[[ | **[[Chlorpheniramine]] | ||
*[[ | **[[Dimenhydrinate]] | ||
*[[Doxylamine]] | **[[Doxylamine]] | ||
*[[ | **[[Hydroxyzine]] (Vistaril) | ||
*[[ | **[[Meclizine]] | ||
*[[Loratadine]] (Claritin) | *Second-generation (non-sedating, preferred) | ||
*[[ | **[[Cetirizine]] | ||
**[[Levocetirizine]] | |||
**[[Loratadine]] (Claritin) | |||
**[[Desloratadine]] | |||
**[[Fexofenadine]] (Allegra) | |||
**[[Azelastine]] | |||
===H<sub>2</sub> antagonists=== | ===H<sub>2</sub> antagonists=== | ||
Latest revision as of 23:17, 20 May 2026
Background
- Also known as histamine antagonists
- In common use, the term antihistamine refers only to compounds that inhibit action at the H1 receptor (and not H2, etc.).
Types
H1 antagonists
- First-generation (sedating; High-risk geriatric medication!)
- Diphenhydramine (Benadryl)
- Chlorpheniramine
- Dimenhydrinate
- Doxylamine
- Hydroxyzine (Vistaril)
- Meclizine
- Second-generation (non-sedating, preferred)
- Cetirizine
- Levocetirizine
- Loratadine (Claritin)
- Desloratadine
- Fexofenadine (Allegra)
- Azelastine
H2 antagonists
Indications
- H1 antagonists
- H2 antagonists
Side Effects
- Sedation
- Second-generation antihistamines cross the blood–brain barrier to a much lower degree (therefore are less sedating), however high doses can still induce the drowsiness