Bezoar: Difference between revisions
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==Background== | ==Background== | ||
[[File:Gray1046.png|thumb|Stomach anatomy]] | |||
*Mass within the gastrointestinal system | *Mass within the gastrointestinal system | ||
*Made up of organic or inorganic material | *Made up of organic or inorganic material | ||
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*Gastric dysmotility | *Gastric dysmotility | ||
*Gastric outlet obstruction | *Gastric outlet obstruction | ||
*Dehydration | *[[Dehydration]] | ||
*Medications | *Medications | ||
**[[Anticholinergic]] | **[[Anticholinergic]] | ||
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*Pharmacobezoars (medications, especially overdoses of sustained-release medications | *Pharmacobezoars (medications, especially overdoses of sustained-release medications | ||
*Phytobezoars (indigestible plant material) | *Phytobezoars (indigestible plant material) | ||
*Trichobezoar (hair) | *[[trichotillomania|Trichobezoar]] (hair) | ||
{{FB types}} | |||
==Clinical Features== | ==Clinical Features== | ||
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*[[Nausea and vomiting]] | *[[Nausea and vomiting]] | ||
*[[Diarrhea]] | *[[Diarrhea]] | ||
*Gastric ulcers | *[[gastric ulcer disease|Gastric ulcers]] | ||
==Differential Diagnosis== | ==Differential Diagnosis== | ||
Latest revision as of 12:03, 23 April 2022
Background
- Mass within the gastrointestinal system
- Made up of organic or inorganic material
- Commonly from eating hair or indigestible materials
- Risk factors include intellectual disability or emotional disturbance
- More common females aged 10 to 19 years of age
Risk Factors
- Gastric dysmotility
- Gastric outlet obstruction
- Dehydration
- Medications
Types of Bezoars
- Food boluses
- Lactobezoar (seen in premature infants receiving formula)
- Pharmacobezoars (medications, especially overdoses of sustained-release medications
- Phytobezoars (indigestible plant material)
- Trichobezoar (hair)
Foreign Body Types
- Ear foreign body
- Nasal foreign body
- Ocular foreign body
- Aspirated foreign body
- GI
- Soft tissue foreign body
Clinical Features
- Indigestion
- Abdominal pain
- Nausea and vomiting
- Diarrhea
- Gastric ulcers
Differential Diagnosis
Epigastric Pain
- Gastroesophageal reflux disease (GERD)
- Peptic ulcer disease with or without perforation
- Gastritis
- Pancreatitis
- Gallbladder disease
- Myocardial Ischemia
- Splenic Infarctionenlargement/rupture/aneurysm
- Pericarditis/Myocarditis
- Aortic dissection
- Hepatitis
- Pyelonephritis
- Pneumonia
- Pyogenic liver abscess
- Fitz-Hugh-Curtis Syndrome
- Hepatomegaly due to CHF
- Bowel obstruction
- SMA syndrome
- Pulmonary embolism
- Bezoar
- Ingested foreign body
- See Nausea and vomiting
Evaluation
Management
- Removal either endoscopically if small but may require surgical removal when large