Nafcillin: Difference between revisions

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==General==
==General==
*Type:  [[Penicillin]], Beta-Lactamase-Resistant Penicillin
*Type:  [[Is DrugClass::Penicillin]], [[Is PenicillinType::Beta-Lactamase-Resistant Penicillin]]
*Dosage Forms: IV
*Dosage Forms: IV
*Common Trade Names: Nafcil, Nallpen
*Common Trade Names: Nafcil, Nallpen
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===Bacterial infections===
===Bacterial infections===
*0.5-2 g IV q4-6h
*0.5-2 g IV q4-6h
*Max: 12 g/day IV; Info: dose, duration varies w/ infection type, severity
*Max: 12 g/day IV; Info: dose, duration varies with infection type, severity
===[[Osteomyelitis]]===
*1-2 g IV q4h x4-6wk
*Max: 12 g/day
===Bacterial [[Meningitis]]===
*100-200 mg/kg/day IV divided q4-6h
*Max: 12 g/day
===[[Endocarditis]], Native valve===
*2 g IV q4h x4-6wk
*Max: 12 g/day; Info: give w/ gentamicin 1 mg/kg IV q8h x3-5 days
===[[Endocarditis]], Prosthetic valve===
*2 g IV q4h x6wk
*Max: 12 g/day; Info: give w/ gentamicin 1-2 mg/kg IV q8h x2wk and rifampin
===Renal Dosing===
===Renal Dosing===
*Consider decrease dose if concomitant hepatic impairment
*Consider decrease dose if concomitant hepatic impairment
===Hepatic Dosing===
===Hepatic Dosing===
*Consider decrease dose if concomitant renal impairment
*Consider decrease dose if concomitant renal impairment
===Indications by Disease===
{{#ask: [[Has DrugName::Nafcillin]] [[Has Population::Adult]]
|?Treats disease=Disease
|?Has Dose=Dose
|?Has Context=Context
|format=table
|limit=50
|mainlabel=-
|headers=show
|sort=Treats disease
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==Pediatric Dosing==
==Pediatric Dosing==
===Bacterial Infections===
===Bacterial Infections===
*0-4 wk old, <1200 g
*0-4 wk old, <1200 g
*Dose: 50 mg/kg/day IV divided q12h
*Dose: 50mg/kg/day IV divided q12h
*<1 wk old, 1200-2000 g
*<1 wk old, 1200-2000 g
*Dose: 50 mg/kg/day IV divided q12h
*Dose: 50mg/kg/day IV divided q12h
*<1 wk old, >2000 g
*<1 wk old, >2000 g
*Dose: 75 mg/kg/day IV divided q8h
*Dose: 75mg/kg/day IV divided q8h
*1 wk old-1 mo, 1200-2000 g
*1 wk old-1 mo, 1200-2000 g
*Dose: 75 mg/kg/day IV divided q8h
*Dose: 75mg/kg/day IV divided q8h
*1 wk old-1 mo, >2000 g
*1 wk old-1 mo, >2000 g
*Dose: 100 mg/kg/day IV divided q6h
*Dose: 100mg/kg/day IV divided q6h
*1 mo-16 yo
*1 mo-16 yo
*Dose: 50-100 mg/kg/day IV divided q6h if mild-mod. infection; 100-200 mg/kg/day IV divided q4-6h if severe infection; Max: 12 g/day
*Dose: 50-100mg/kg/day IV divided q6h if mild-mod. infection; 100-200mg/kg/day IV divided q4-6h if severe infection; Max: 12 g/day
===[[Endocarditis]], Native valve===
*[1 mo-16 yo]
*Dose: 200 mg/kg/day IV divided q4-6h x6wk; Max: 12 g/day; Info: give w/ gentamicin 3 mg/kg/day IV divided q8h x3-5 days
===[[Endocarditis]], Prosthetic valve===
*[1 mo-16 yo]
*Dose: 200 mg/kg/day IV divided q4-6h x6wk or longer; Max: 12 g/day; Info: give w/ gentamicin 3 mg/kg/day IV divided q8h x2wk and rifampin
===Renal Dosing===
===Renal Dosing===
*No adjustment unless concomitant hepatic impairment
*No adjustment unless concomitant hepatic impairment
*CrCl 10-29: 9-25 mg/kg q6h if concomitant hepatic impairment; CrCl <10: 7.5-15 mg/kg q6h if concomitant hepatic impairment
*CrCl 10-29: 9-25mg/kg q6h if concomitant hepatic impairment; CrCl <10: 7.5-15mg/kg q6h if concomitant hepatic impairment
===Hepatic Dosing===
===Hepatic Dosing===
*Consider decrease dose if concomitant renal impairment
*Consider decrease dose if concomitant renal impairment
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*Pregnancy: Class B
*Pregnancy: Class B
*Lactation: Probably Safe
*Lactation: Probably Safe
===Indications by Disease===
{{#ask: [[Has DrugName::Nafcillin]] [[Has Population::Pediatric]]
|?Treats disease=Disease
|?Has Dose=Dose
|?Has Context=Context
|format=table
|limit=50
|mainlabel=-
|headers=show
|sort=Treats disease
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==Contraindications==
==Contraindications==
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*Caution if hypersensitivity to multiple allergens
*Caution if hypersensitivity to multiple allergens
*Caution if asthma or history of asthma.
*Caution if asthma or history of asthma.
*Caution if recent abx-associated colitis
*Caution if recent antibiotic-associated colitis
*Caution if seizure disorder
*Caution if seizure disorder
*Caution if concomitant hepatic and renal impairment
*Caution if concomitant hepatic and renal impairment
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<references/>
<references/>
[[Category:Pharmacology]]
[[Category:Pharmacology]]
[[Category:ID]]

Latest revision as of 11:08, 20 March 2026

General

  • Type: Penicillin, Beta-Lactamase-Resistant Penicillin
  • Dosage Forms: IV
  • Common Trade Names: Nafcil, Nallpen

Adult Dosing

Bacterial infections

  • 0.5-2 g IV q4-6h
  • Max: 12 g/day IV; Info: dose, duration varies with infection type, severity

Renal Dosing

  • Consider decrease dose if concomitant hepatic impairment

Hepatic Dosing

  • Consider decrease dose if concomitant renal impairment


Indications by Disease

DiseaseDoseContext
Endocarditis2g IV six times dailyNative Valve Endocarditis
Suppurative parotitis2g IV six times dailyInpatient

Pediatric Dosing

Bacterial Infections

  • 0-4 wk old, <1200 g
  • Dose: 50mg/kg/day IV divided q12h
  • <1 wk old, 1200-2000 g
  • Dose: 50mg/kg/day IV divided q12h
  • <1 wk old, >2000 g
  • Dose: 75mg/kg/day IV divided q8h
  • 1 wk old-1 mo, 1200-2000 g
  • Dose: 75mg/kg/day IV divided q8h
  • 1 wk old-1 mo, >2000 g
  • Dose: 100mg/kg/day IV divided q6h
  • 1 mo-16 yo
  • Dose: 50-100mg/kg/day IV divided q6h if mild-mod. infection; 100-200mg/kg/day IV divided q4-6h if severe infection; Max: 12 g/day

Renal Dosing

  • No adjustment unless concomitant hepatic impairment
  • CrCl 10-29: 9-25mg/kg q6h if concomitant hepatic impairment; CrCl <10: 7.5-15mg/kg q6h if concomitant hepatic impairment

Hepatic Dosing

  • Consider decrease dose if concomitant renal impairment

Safety

  • Pregnancy: Class B
  • Lactation: Probably Safe


Indications by Disease

DiseaseDoseContext
Endocarditis50mg/kg IV q6hrs (max 2g/dose)Pediatric MSSA
Osteomyelitis50 mg/kg IV four times dailySickle Cell Disease
Suppurative parotitis50mg/kg IV four times dailyInpatient

Contraindications

  • Hypersensitivity to drug/class.
  • Anaphylactic reaction to beta-lactams
  • Caution if non-anaphylactic hypersensitivity to beta-lactams
  • Caution if hypersensitivity to multiple allergens
  • Caution if asthma or history of asthma.
  • Caution if recent antibiotic-associated colitis
  • Caution if seizure disorder
  • Caution if concomitant hepatic and renal impairment
  • Caution if sodium restriction

Adverse Reactions

Serious

  • Anaphylaxis
  • Hypersensitivity reaction, immediate or delayed
  • Serum sickness-like reaction
  • Neutropenia
  • Agranulocytosis
  • Myelosuppression
  • Clostridium difficile associated diarrhea
  • Renal tubular necrosis

Common

  • Diarrhea
  • Nausea/Vomiting
  • Utricaria
  • Pruritus
  • Rash
  • Fever
  • Eosinophilia

Pharmacology

  • Half-life: 30-90 min
  • Metabolism: Liver; CYP450:3A4 inducer
  • Excretion: bile (primarily), urine
  • Mechanism of Action: bactericidal; inhibits cell wall mucopeptide synthesis

Antibiotic Sensitivities[1]

Group Organism Sensitivity
Gram Positive Strep. Group A, B, C, G S
Strep. Pneumoniae S
Viridans strep I
Strep. anginosus gp S
Enterococcus faecalis R
Enterococcus faecium R
MSSA S
MRSA R
CA-MRSA R
Staph. Epidermidis S
C. jeikeium R
L. monocytogenes R
Gram Negatives N. gonorrhoeae R
N. meningitidis R
Moraxella catarrhalis R
H. influenzae R
E. coli R
Klebsiella sp R
E. coli/Klebsiella ESBL+ R
E coli/Klebsiella KPC+ R
Enterobacter sp, AmpC neg R
Enterobacter sp, AmpC pos R
Serratia sp R
Serratia marcescens X1
Salmonella sp R
Shigella sp R
Proteus mirabilis R
Proteus vulgaris R
Providencia sp. R
Morganella sp. R
Citrobacter freundii R
Citrobacter diversus R
Citrobacter sp. R
Aeromonas sp R
Acinetobacter sp. R
Pseudomonas aeruginosa R
Burkholderia cepacia R
Stenotrophomonas maltophilia R
Yersinia enterocolitica R
Francisella tularensis X1
Brucella sp. X1
Legionella sp. R
Pasteurella multocida R
Haemophilus ducreyi X1
Vibrio vulnificus X1
Misc Chlamydophila sp R
Mycoplasm pneumoniae R
Rickettsia sp X1
Mycobacterium avium X1
Anaerobes Actinomyces R
Bacteroides fragilis R
Prevotella melaninogenica R
Clostridium difficile X1
Clostridium (not difficile) X1
Fusobacterium necrophorum X1
Peptostreptococcus sp. S

Key

  • S susceptible/sensitive (usually)
  • I intermediate (variably susceptible/resistant)
  • R resistant (or not effective clinically)
  • S+ synergistic with cell wall antibiotics
  • U sensitive for UTI only (non systemic infection)
  • X1 no data
  • X2 active in vitro, but not used clinically
  • X3 active in vitro, but not clinically effective for Group A strep pharyngitis or infections due to E. faecalis
  • X4 active in vitro, but not clinically effective for strep pneumonia

See Also

References

  1. ↑ Sanford Guide to Antimicrobial Therapy 2014
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