Dicloxacillin: Difference between revisions
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==General== | ==General== | ||
*Type: Penicillinase-resistant penicillin | *Type: [[Is PenicillinType::Penicillinase-resistant]] [[Is DrugClass::penicillin]] | ||
*Dosage Forms: 250,500 | *Dosage Forms: 250,500 | ||
*Common Trade Names: | *Common Trade Names: | ||
==Adult Dosing== | ==Adult Dosing== | ||
===[[Skin infections]], [[staphylococcal]]=== | |||
*125-500mg PO q6h (1h before or 2h after meals) | *125-500mg PO q6h (1h before or 2h after meals) | ||
===[[Osteomyelitis]]=== | |||
*250-500mg PO q6h (1h before or 2h after meals) | *250-500mg PO q6h (1h before or 2h after meals) | ||
==Pediatric Dosing== | ==Pediatric Dosing== | ||
===[[Skin infections]], [[staphylococcal]]=== | |||
*<40 kg: 12.5-25mg/kg/day PO divided q6h | *<40 kg: 12.5-25mg/kg/day PO divided q6h | ||
*>40kg: 125-500mg PO q6h | *>40kg: 125-500mg PO q6h | ||
===[[Osteomyelitis]]=== | |||
*<40kg: 50-100mg/kg/day PO divided q6h | *<40kg: 50-100mg/kg/day PO divided q6h | ||
*>40kg: 250-500mg PO q6h | *>40kg: 250-500mg PO q6h | ||
==Special Populations== | ==Special Populations== | ||
*Pregnancy: B (no evidence of risk) | *[[Drug pregnancy categories|Pregnancy risk]]: B (no evidence of risk) | ||
*Lactation: safety unknown | *Lactation: safety unknown | ||
*Renal Dosing | *Renal Dosing | ||
| Line 55: | Line 55: | ||
*epigastric pain | *epigastric pain | ||
*urticaria | *urticaria | ||
* | *pruritus | ||
*fever | *fever | ||
*rash | *rash | ||
| Line 64: | Line 64: | ||
==Pharmacology== | ==Pharmacology== | ||
*Half-life: | *Half-life: 0.7h, if GFR < 10 then 1.8h | ||
*Metabolism: | *Metabolism: liver partially | ||
*Excretion: | *Excretion: urine 50-70% (primarily unchanged), bile 10% | ||
*Mechanism of Action: | *Mechanism of Action: inhibits cell wall mucopeptide synthesis | ||
==[[Antibiotic Sensitivities]]<ref>Sanford Guide to Antimicrobial Therapy 2014</ref>== | ==[[Antibiotic Sensitivities]]<ref>Sanford Guide to Antimicrobial Therapy 2014</ref>== | ||
| Line 194: | Line 194: | ||
*[[Antibiotics (Main)]] | *[[Antibiotics (Main)]] | ||
== | ==References== | ||
<references/> | |||
[[Category:Pharmacology]] | |||
[[Category: | [[Category:ID]] | ||
Latest revision as of 17:41, 18 July 2025
General
- Type: Penicillinase-resistant penicillin
- Dosage Forms: 250,500
- Common Trade Names:
Adult Dosing
Skin infections, staphylococcal
- 125-500mg PO q6h (1h before or 2h after meals)
Osteomyelitis
- 250-500mg PO q6h (1h before or 2h after meals)
Pediatric Dosing
Skin infections, staphylococcal
- <40 kg: 12.5-25mg/kg/day PO divided q6h
- >40kg: 125-500mg PO q6h
Osteomyelitis
- <40kg: 50-100mg/kg/day PO divided q6h
- >40kg: 250-500mg PO q6h
Special Populations
- Pregnancy risk: B (no evidence of risk)
- Lactation: safety unknown
- Renal Dosing
- Adult: no adjustment
- Pediatric: no adjustment
- Hepatic Dosing
- Adult: not defined
- Pediatric: not defined
Contraindications
- Allergy to class/drug
- caution in asthma
- caution in seizure disorder
- caution in renal impairment
Adverse Reactions
Serious
- anaphylaxis
- serum sickness-like reaction
- superinfection
- C-diff
- hemolytic anemia
- leukopenia
- agranulocytosis
- neutropenia
- thrombocytopenia
- esophagitis
- esophageal ulcer
Common
- nausea/vomiting
- diarrhea
- epigastric pain
- urticaria
- pruritus
- fever
- rash
- eosinophilia
- stomatitis
- black hairy tongue
- LFTs elevated
Pharmacology
- Half-life: 0.7h, if GFR < 10 then 1.8h
- Metabolism: liver partially
- Excretion: urine 50-70% (primarily unchanged), bile 10%
- Mechanism of Action: inhibits cell wall mucopeptide synthesis
Antibiotic Sensitivities[1]
Key
- S susceptible/sensitive (usually)
- I intermediate (variably susceptible/resistant)
- R resistant (or not effective clinically)
- S+ synergistic with cell wall antibiotics
- U sensitive for UTI only (non systemic infection)
- X1 no data
- X2 active in vitro, but not used clinically
- X3 active in vitro, but not clinically effective for Group A strep pharyngitis or infections due to E. faecalis
- X4 active in vitro, but not clinically effective for strep pneumonia
See Also
References
- ↑ Sanford Guide to Antimicrobial Therapy 2014