Amikacin: Difference between revisions
Ostermayer (talk | contribs) No edit summary |
|||
| (12 intermediate revisions by 6 users not shown) | |||
| Line 1: | Line 1: | ||
==General== | ==General== | ||
*Type: Aminoglycoside | *Type: [[Is DrugClass::Aminoglycoside]] | ||
*Dosage Forms: IM, IV | *Dosage Forms: injectable solution | ||
*Common Trade Names: | *Routes of Administration: IM, IV | ||
*Common Trade Names: Amikin | |||
==Adult Dosing== | ==Adult Dosing== | ||
*Bacterial infections | *Bacterial infections | ||
**7. | **7.5mg/kg IM/IV q12h '''OR''' | ||
** | **5mg/kg IM/IV q8h | ||
*Uncomplicated UTI | *Uncomplicated UTI | ||
** | **250mg IM BID | ||
==Pediatric Dosing== | ==Pediatric Dosing== | ||
*Neonates: | *Neonates: | ||
** | **10mg/kg IM/IV x 1 THEN | ||
**7. | **7.5mg/kg IM/IV q12h | ||
*Infants / Children | *Infants / Children | ||
** | **5mg/kg IM/IV q8h MAX 1.5 g/day | ||
==Special Populations== | ==Special Populations== | ||
| Line 31: | Line 32: | ||
***CrCl 10-29 give q18-24h | ***CrCl 10-29 give q18-24h | ||
***CrCl <10 give q48-72h | ***CrCl <10 give q48-72h | ||
***HD/PD start | ***HD/PD start 5mg/kg x 1, no supplement | ||
*Hepatic Dosing Not Defined | *Hepatic Dosing Not Defined | ||
| Line 41: | Line 42: | ||
*dehydration | *dehydration | ||
*concurrent nephrotoxic agent use | *concurrent nephrotoxic agent use | ||
*impaired auditory/vestibular | *impaired auditory/vestibular function | ||
*concurrent ototoxic/neurotoxic agent use | *concurrent ototoxic/neurotoxic agent use | ||
*neuromuscular disease | *neuromuscular disease | ||
| Line 48: | Line 49: | ||
==Adverse Reactions== | ==Adverse Reactions== | ||
===Serious=== | ===Serious=== | ||
*Nephrotoxicity | |||
*Ototoxicity | |||
*Neurotoxicity | |||
*Neuromuscular blockade | |||
*Superinfection | |||
===Common=== | ===Common=== | ||
*Elev. BUN / Cr | |||
*Hearing loss / tinnitus | |||
*Vertigo | |||
*Injection site reaction | |||
==Pharmacology== | ==Pharmacology== | ||
*Half-life: | *Half-life: 2h (30-86 h in renal impairment) | ||
*Metabolism: | *Metabolism: None | ||
*Excretion: | *Excretion: Urine | ||
*Mechanism of Action: | *Mechanism of Action: Bactericidal, binds to 30S ribosomal subunit, inhibits protein synthesis. | ||
==[[Antibiotic Sensitivities]]<ref>Sanford Guide to Antimicrobial Therapy 2014</ref>== | ==[[Antibiotic Sensitivities]]<ref>Sanford Guide to Antimicrobial Therapy 2014</ref>== | ||
| Line 178: | Line 188: | ||
===Key=== | ===Key=== | ||
{{Template:Antibacterial Spectra Key}} | {{Template:Antibacterial Spectra Key}} | ||
==See Also== | ==See Also== | ||
== | ==References== | ||
<references/> | <references/> | ||
[[Category: | [[Category:Pharmacology]] [[Category:ID]] | ||
Latest revision as of 15:09, 18 July 2025
General
- Type: Aminoglycoside
- Dosage Forms: injectable solution
- Routes of Administration: IM, IV
- Common Trade Names: Amikin
Adult Dosing
- Bacterial infections
- 7.5mg/kg IM/IV q12h OR
- 5mg/kg IM/IV q8h
- Uncomplicated UTI
- 250mg IM BID
Pediatric Dosing
- Neonates:
- 10mg/kg IM/IV x 1 THEN
- 7.5mg/kg IM/IV q12h
- Infants / Children
- 5mg/kg IM/IV q8h MAX 1.5 g/day
Special Populations
- Pregnancy Rating: D
- Lactation: Safety Unknown
- Renal Dosing
- Adult
- CrCl 50-80 give q12-24h
- CrCl 10-50 give q24-48h
- CrCl <10 give q48-72h
- HD: give supplement
- Pediatric
- CrCl 30-50 give q12-18h
- CrCl 10-29 give q18-24h
- CrCl <10 give q48-72h
- HD/PD start 5mg/kg x 1, no supplement
- Adult
- Hepatic Dosing Not Defined
Contraindications
- Allergy to class/drug
Caution if:
- hypersensitive to sulfites
- renal impairment
- dehydration
- concurrent nephrotoxic agent use
- impaired auditory/vestibular function
- concurrent ototoxic/neurotoxic agent use
- neuromuscular disease
- electrolyte abnormalities
Adverse Reactions
Serious
- Nephrotoxicity
- Ototoxicity
- Neurotoxicity
- Neuromuscular blockade
- Superinfection
Common
- Elev. BUN / Cr
- Hearing loss / tinnitus
- Vertigo
- Injection site reaction
Pharmacology
- Half-life: 2h (30-86 h in renal impairment)
- Metabolism: None
- Excretion: Urine
- Mechanism of Action: Bactericidal, binds to 30S ribosomal subunit, inhibits protein synthesis.
Antibiotic Sensitivities[1]
Key
- S susceptible/sensitive (usually)
- I intermediate (variably susceptible/resistant)
- R resistant (or not effective clinically)
- S+ synergistic with cell wall antibiotics
- U sensitive for UTI only (non systemic infection)
- X1 no data
- X2 active in vitro, but not used clinically
- X3 active in vitro, but not clinically effective for Group A strep pharyngitis or infections due to E. faecalis
- X4 active in vitro, but not clinically effective for strep pneumonia
See Also
References
- ↑ Sanford Guide to Antimicrobial Therapy 2014