Amikacin: Difference between revisions
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==General== | ==General== | ||
*Type: Aminoglycoside | *Type: [[Is DrugClass::Aminoglycoside]] | ||
*Dosage Forms: IM, IV | *Dosage Forms: injectable solution | ||
*Common Trade Names: | *Routes of Administration: IM, IV | ||
*Common Trade Names: Amikin | |||
==Adult Dosing== | ==Adult Dosing== | ||
*Bacterial infections | |||
**7.5mg/kg IM/IV q12h '''OR''' | |||
**5mg/kg IM/IV q8h | |||
*Uncomplicated UTI | |||
**250mg IM BID | |||
==Pediatric Dosing== | ==Pediatric Dosing== | ||
*Neonates: | |||
**10mg/kg IM/IV x 1 THEN | |||
**7.5mg/kg IM/IV q12h | |||
*Infants / Children | |||
**5mg/kg IM/IV q8h MAX 1.5 g/day | |||
==Special Populations== | ==Special Populations== | ||
*[[Drug Ratings in Pregnancy|Pregnancy Rating]]: | *[[Drug Ratings in Pregnancy|Pregnancy Rating]]: D | ||
*Lactation: | *Lactation: Safety Unknown | ||
*Renal Dosing | *Renal Dosing | ||
**Adult | **Adult | ||
***CrCl 50-80 give q12-24h | |||
***CrCl 10-50 give q24-48h | |||
***CrCl <10 give q48-72h | |||
***HD: give supplement | |||
**Pediatric | **Pediatric | ||
* | ***CrCl 30-50 give q12-18h | ||
** | ***CrCl 10-29 give q18-24h | ||
** | ***CrCl <10 give q48-72h | ||
***HD/PD start 5mg/kg x 1, no supplement | |||
*Hepatic Dosing Not Defined | |||
==Contraindications== | ==Contraindications== | ||
*Allergy to class/drug | *Allergy to class/drug | ||
==Caution if:== | |||
*hypersensitive to sulfites | |||
*renal impairment | |||
*dehydration | |||
*concurrent nephrotoxic agent use | |||
*impaired auditory/vestibular function | |||
*concurrent ototoxic/neurotoxic agent use | |||
*neuromuscular disease | |||
*electrolyte abnormalities | |||
==Adverse Reactions== | ==Adverse Reactions== | ||
===Serious=== | ===Serious=== | ||
*Nephrotoxicity | |||
*Ototoxicity | |||
*Neurotoxicity | |||
*Neuromuscular blockade | |||
*Superinfection | |||
===Common=== | ===Common=== | ||
*Elev. BUN / Cr | |||
*Hearing loss / tinnitus | |||
*Vertigo | |||
*Injection site reaction | |||
==Pharmacology== | ==Pharmacology== | ||
*Half-life: | *Half-life: 2h (30-86 h in renal impairment) | ||
*Metabolism: | *Metabolism: None | ||
*Excretion: | *Excretion: Urine | ||
*Mechanism of Action: | *Mechanism of Action: Bactericidal, binds to 30S ribosomal subunit, inhibits protein synthesis. | ||
==[[Antibiotic Sensitivities]]<ref>Sanford Guide to Antimicrobial Therapy 2014</ref>== | ==[[Antibiotic Sensitivities]]<ref>Sanford Guide to Antimicrobial Therapy 2014</ref>== | ||
| Line 153: | Line 188: | ||
===Key=== | ===Key=== | ||
{{Template:Antibacterial Spectra Key}} | {{Template:Antibacterial Spectra Key}} | ||
==See Also== | ==See Also== | ||
== | ==References== | ||
<references/> | <references/> | ||
[[Category: | [[Category:Pharmacology]] [[Category:ID]] | ||
Latest revision as of 15:09, 18 July 2025
General
- Type: Aminoglycoside
- Dosage Forms: injectable solution
- Routes of Administration: IM, IV
- Common Trade Names: Amikin
Adult Dosing
- Bacterial infections
- 7.5mg/kg IM/IV q12h OR
- 5mg/kg IM/IV q8h
- Uncomplicated UTI
- 250mg IM BID
Pediatric Dosing
- Neonates:
- 10mg/kg IM/IV x 1 THEN
- 7.5mg/kg IM/IV q12h
- Infants / Children
- 5mg/kg IM/IV q8h MAX 1.5 g/day
Special Populations
- Pregnancy Rating: D
- Lactation: Safety Unknown
- Renal Dosing
- Adult
- CrCl 50-80 give q12-24h
- CrCl 10-50 give q24-48h
- CrCl <10 give q48-72h
- HD: give supplement
- Pediatric
- CrCl 30-50 give q12-18h
- CrCl 10-29 give q18-24h
- CrCl <10 give q48-72h
- HD/PD start 5mg/kg x 1, no supplement
- Adult
- Hepatic Dosing Not Defined
Contraindications
- Allergy to class/drug
Caution if:
- hypersensitive to sulfites
- renal impairment
- dehydration
- concurrent nephrotoxic agent use
- impaired auditory/vestibular function
- concurrent ototoxic/neurotoxic agent use
- neuromuscular disease
- electrolyte abnormalities
Adverse Reactions
Serious
- Nephrotoxicity
- Ototoxicity
- Neurotoxicity
- Neuromuscular blockade
- Superinfection
Common
- Elev. BUN / Cr
- Hearing loss / tinnitus
- Vertigo
- Injection site reaction
Pharmacology
- Half-life: 2h (30-86 h in renal impairment)
- Metabolism: None
- Excretion: Urine
- Mechanism of Action: Bactericidal, binds to 30S ribosomal subunit, inhibits protein synthesis.
Antibiotic Sensitivities[1]
Key
- S susceptible/sensitive (usually)
- I intermediate (variably susceptible/resistant)
- R resistant (or not effective clinically)
- S+ synergistic with cell wall antibiotics
- U sensitive for UTI only (non systemic infection)
- X1 no data
- X2 active in vitro, but not used clinically
- X3 active in vitro, but not clinically effective for Group A strep pharyngitis or infections due to E. faecalis
- X4 active in vitro, but not clinically effective for strep pneumonia
See Also
References
- ↑ Sanford Guide to Antimicrobial Therapy 2014