Cervical fractures and dislocations: Difference between revisions

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{{Adult top}} [[cervical injury (peds)]]
==Background==
==Background==
[[File:Grant 1962 664.png|thumb|Sensation of cervical nerve roots]]
[[File:Three-column-concept-2.jpg|thumb|Three column concept of spinal fracture stability]]
[[File:Three-column-concept-2.jpg|thumb|Three column concept of spinal fracture stability]]
*Suspect vascular damage to cord if discrepancy between neuro deficit and level of spinal column injury
{{Vertebral fractures and dislocations types}}
*Cord injury is more likely if anterior (vertebral bodies) AND posterior (spinal canal) columns are disrupted
*Penetrating injury rarely results in unstable fracture


==Fractures and Related==
==Clinical Features==
{{Cervical spine injuries}}
C-spine injuries may present with
*Rarely [[neurogenic shock]] (bradycardia, hypotension)
*Posterior neck pain
*Pain on palpation of spinous processes
*Limited neck ROM with pain
*Weakness, numbness, or paresthesias


==Workup==
==Differential Diagnosis==
*If find injury consider CT C-spine, x-ray rest of spine
{{Blunt neck trauma DDX}}
{{Neck pain DDX}}
 
==Evaluation==
[[File:Vertebral lines.png|thumb|Plain films lines]]
*See [[blunt neck trauma]] for general workup


==Management==
==Management==
*Prehospital: see the [[EBQ:Prehospital Spine Immobilization|NAEMSP National Guidelines for Spinal Immobilization]]
*Prehospital
**See the [[EBQ:Prehospital Spine Immobilization|NAEMSP National Guidelines for Spinal Immobilization]]
*Hospital
**See page for specific fracture
**[[Cervical spine clearance]]
 
==Disposition==


==See Also==
==See Also==
*[[Blunt neck trauma]]
*[[Cervical spine clearance]]
*[[C-Spine (EAST)]]
*[[Penetrating neck trauma]]
*[[Penetrating neck trauma]]
*[[Spinal Cord Trauma]]
*[[Spinal Cord Trauma]]
*[[Spinal Cord Compression (Non-Traumatic)]]
*[[Spinal Cord Compression (Non-Traumatic)]]
*[[Neurogenic Shock]]
*[[Neurogenic Shock]]
*[[C-spine (NEXUS)]]
*[[C-Spine X-Ray]]
*[[Fractures (Main)]]
*[[Unstable spine fractures‎]]
*[[Unstable spine fractures‎]]
*[[C-Spine (Canadian Rule)]]
*[[Vertebral fractures]]
*[[Vertebral fractures]]
*[[Cervical injury (peds)]]


==See Also==
==References==
*[[Blunt neck trauma]]
<references/>
 
==Source==
*National Spinal Cord Injury Statistical Center (NSCISC). Spinal Cord Injury. Facts and Figures at a Glance. Birmingham, Ala: NSCISC; July 1996
*Ivy ME, Cohn SM. Addressing the myths of cervical spine injury management. Am J Emerg Med. Oct 1997;15(6):591-5
*Woodring JH, Lee C, Duncan V. Transverse process fractures of the cervical vertebrae: are they insignificant? J Trauma. June 1993; 34(6):797-802.
*Tintinalli's


[[Category:Trauma]]
[[Category:Trauma]]
[[Category:Ortho]]
[[Category:Neurology]]
[[Category:Orthopedics]]

Latest revision as of 19:42, 9 October 2024

This page is for adult patients. For pediatric patients, see: cervical injury (peds)

Background

Sensation of cervical nerve roots
Three column concept of spinal fracture stability

Vertebral fractures and dislocations types

Vertebral anatomy.
Numbering order of vertebrae.

Clinical Features

C-spine injuries may present with

  • Rarely neurogenic shock (bradycardia, hypotension)
  • Posterior neck pain
  • Pain on palpation of spinous processes
  • Limited neck ROM with pain
  • Weakness, numbness, or paresthesias

Differential Diagnosis

Neck Trauma

Neck pain

Evaluation

Plain films lines

Management

Disposition

See Also

References