Reduced-osmolarity oral rehydration solution: Difference between revisions
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==Background== | ==Background== | ||
* | [[File:Children-who-receive-ors.png|thumb]] | ||
[[File:Cholera rehydration nurses.jpg|thumb|Cholera patient drinking oral rehydration solution (ORS) to counteract cholera-induced dehydration.]] | |||
*''This is the current ORS solution recommended for oral re-hydration of children and adults'' | |||
*In 2003, WHO and UNICEF recommended that the osmolarity of ORS be reduced from 311 to 245 mOsm/L .<ref>[http://www.unicef.org/supply/files/Oral_Rehydration_Salts(ORS)_.pdf "New formulation of oral rehydration salts (ORS) with reduced osmolarity."] UNICEF.</ref> | *In 2003, WHO and UNICEF recommended that the osmolarity of ORS be reduced from 311 to 245 mOsm/L .<ref>[http://www.unicef.org/supply/files/Oral_Rehydration_Salts(ORS)_.pdf "New formulation of oral rehydration salts (ORS) with reduced osmolarity."] UNICEF.</ref> | ||
*Need for unscheduled supplemental IV therapy in children given this solution was reduced by 33% | *Need for unscheduled supplemental IV therapy in children given this solution was reduced by 33% | ||
==Contents== | ==Contents== | ||
Components:<ref>[http://www.who.int/medicines/publications/pharmacopoeia/Oralrehydrationsalts.pdf Oral rehydration salts]</ref> | |||
*2.6g NaCl | *2.6g NaCl | ||
*2.9g Trisodium citrate | *2.9g Trisodium citrate | ||
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*per 1L of water | *per 1L of water | ||
*Sodium = 75 mEq/L | |||
*Sodium = 75 mEq/L | |||
*Glucose = 75 mmol/L | |||
*Total osmolarity = 245 mOsm/L | |||
==Preparations== | ==Preparations== | ||
[[File:DripDrop ORS Flavor packets and cup of watermelon DripDrop.jpg|thumb|There are multiple different brands selling ORS solutions. Check to confirm their formulation is consistent with current guidelines.]] | |||
===Commercially Available=== | ===Commercially Available=== | ||
*Pedialyte | *Pedialyte | ||
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*Infalyte | *Infalyte | ||
===Reduced-Osmolarity ORS Homemade Solution | ===Reduced-Osmolarity ORS Homemade Solution<ref name="who.int">, [http://www.who.int/cholera/technical/en/ "WHO position paper on Oral Rehydration Salts to reduce mortality from cholera."] World Health Organization, Global Task Force on Cholera Control.</ref>=== | ||
{| {{table}} | |||
| align="center" style="background:#f0f0f0;"|'''Component''' | |||
| align="center" style="background:#f0f0f0;"|'''Amount''' | |||
| align="center" style="background:#f0f0f0;"|'''Grams''' | |||
|- | |||
| Sugar||6 level teaspoons||25.2 | |||
|- | |||
| Salt (NaCl)||0.5 teaspoons||2.1 | |||
|- | |||
| Water||1 liter||1,000 | |||
|} | |||
==Directions== | |||
*Should be encouraged to drink frequent, small sips | |||
**Even patients who are vomiting can often be treated orally if they take small frequent sips | |||
*Vomiting frequently subsides acidosis is corrected | |||
==See Also== | ==See Also== | ||
Latest revision as of 21:10, 6 March 2024
Background
- This is the current ORS solution recommended for oral re-hydration of children and adults
- In 2003, WHO and UNICEF recommended that the osmolarity of ORS be reduced from 311 to 245 mOsm/L .[1]
- Need for unscheduled supplemental IV therapy in children given this solution was reduced by 33%
Contents
Components:[2]
- 2.6g NaCl
- 2.9g Trisodium citrate
- 1.5 g KCl
- 13.5 g glucose
- per 1L of water
- Sodium = 75 mEq/L
- Glucose = 75 mmol/L
- Total osmolarity = 245 mOsm/L
Preparations
Commercially Available
- Pedialyte
- Rehydralyte
- Infalyte
Reduced-Osmolarity ORS Homemade Solution[3]
| Component | Amount | Grams |
| Sugar | 6 level teaspoons | 25.2 |
| Salt (NaCl) | 0.5 teaspoons | 2.1 |
| Water | 1 liter | 1,000 |
Directions
- Should be encouraged to drink frequent, small sips
- Even patients who are vomiting can often be treated orally if they take small frequent sips
- Vomiting frequently subsides acidosis is corrected
See Also
External Links
References
- ↑ "New formulation of oral rehydration salts (ORS) with reduced osmolarity." UNICEF.
- ↑ Oral rehydration salts
- ↑ , "WHO position paper on Oral Rehydration Salts to reduce mortality from cholera." World Health Organization, Global Task Force on Cholera Control.