Congenital adrenal hyperplasia: Difference between revisions
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**[[Hyponatremia]], [[hyperkalemia]] | **[[Hyponatremia]], [[hyperkalemia]] | ||
*Virilization | *Virilization | ||
*Partial CAH may present later and less dramatically with irregular menses in adolescence | |||
==Work-Up== | ==Work-Up== | ||
Revision as of 21:16, 5 October 2019
Background
- 95% of cases due to deficiency of 21-hydroxylase
- Leads to cortisol deficiency, aldosterone deficiency, virilization
- Patients present during 2nd-5th week of life in crisis
Clinical features/evaluation
- Patient presents in 2nd week of life in crisis
- Lethargy, irritability, poor feeding, vomiting, dehydration, shock
- Salt-wasting
- Virilization
- Partial CAH may present later and less dramatically with irregular menses in adolescence
Work-Up
- Bedside glucose
- Chemistry
- Hyponatremia
- Hyperkalemia - rarely causes cardiac dysfunction
Differential Diagnosis
- Adrenal salt-wasting crisis
Sick Neonate
THE MISFITS [1]
- Trauma
- Heart
- Congenital heart disease
- Hypovolemia
- Endocrine
- Metabolic
- Sodium
- Calcium
- Glucose
- Inborn errors of metabolism
- Seizure
- Formula / feeding problems
- Intestinal Disasters
- Toxin
- Sepsis
Management
- NS 10-20cc/kg bolus
- Steroid replacement
- Neonates: Hydrocortisone 25mg IV/IO
- Hyperkalemia
- Do NOT give insulin/glucose (may lead to profound hypoglycemia)
- NS and hydrocortisone are usually sufficient
- May add calcium gluconate if symptomatic
Disposition
- Admit
See Also
References
- ↑ Brousseau T, Sharieff GQ. Newborn emergencies: the first 30 days of life. Pediatr Clin North Am. 2006 Feb;53(1):69-84, vi.