Isoniazid
Administration
- Type: Anti-TB
- Dosage Forms:
- Routes of Administration: PO, IM
- Common Trade Names: INH
Adult Dosing
- Typically 5 mg/kg (or 300mg) daily
Pediatric Dosing
- ≤40 kg: 10-15 mg/kg daily, maximum 300mg/dose
- >40kg: 5 mg/kg daily max 300mg/dose
Special Populations
Pregnancy Rating
- Category A
Lactation risk
- Considered compatible with breast feeding[1]
Renal Dosing
- No adjustment
Hepatic Dosing
- No official adjustment necessary per manufacturer's labeling but use with caution in patient's with preexisting liver disease
Contraindications
- Allergy/hypersensitivity to class/drug
- Prior history of hepatic injury or severe adverse reaction to isoniazid
- Acute liver disease
Adverse Reactions
Serious
Common
- Increased serum transaminases
Pharmacology
- Half-life: Fast acetylators: 30 to 100 minutes, slow acetylators: 2 to 5 hours
- Metabolism: Hepatic
- Excretion: Mostly urine
Mechanism of Action
- Inhibits synthesis of mycoloic acids (essential bacterial cell wall component)
Comments
See Also
References
- Nahid P, Dorman SE, Alipanah N, et al. Official American Thoracic Society/Centers for Disease Control and Prevention/Infectious Diseases Society of America Clinical Practice Guidelines: Treatment of Drug-Susceptible Tuberculosis. Clin Infect Dis. 2016;63(7):e147-e195.
- Uptodate
- ↑ World Health Organization (WHO). Breastfeeding and maternal medication, recommendations for drugs in the eleventh WHO model list of essential drugs. 2002. http://www.who.int/maternal_child_adolescent/documents/55732/en/