Glipizide
Administration
- Type: Sulfonylurea
- Dosage Forms:
- Routes of Administration:
- Common Trade Names: Glucotrol
Adult Dosing
- 5-10mg PO daily
Pediatric Dosing
Safety/efficacy not established
Special Populations
Pregnancy Rating
- Category C
Lactation risk
- Excretion minimal, likely safe
Renal Dosing
- Not studied
Hepatic Dosing
- 2.5mg daily
Contraindications
- Allergy to class/drug (including sulfa allergy)
- Type 1 diabetes
- Diabetic ketoacidosis
- Caution if risk of severe hypoglycemia (elderly, debilitated, malnourished, adrenal/pituitary insufficiency, physiologic stressors)
- Concomitant use of beta blockers or other sympatholytics (may impair ability to recognize symptoms of hypoglycemia)
Adverse Reactions
Serious
- Hypoglycemia
- Cholestatic jaundice, hepatitis, liver failure
- See sulfonylurea toxicity
Common
- Hypoglycemia
- Rash, skin eruptions
- Abdominal pain, diarrhea, constipation, flatulence, heartburn, nausea/vomiting
- Syncope
- Headache, dizziness, anxiety, depression, drowsiness
Pharmacology
- Half-life: 2-5h
- Metabolism: Hepatic
- Excretion: Urinary
Mechanism of Action
- Increases insulin secretion from pancreatic beta cells. May decrease rate of hepatic glucose production and increase insulin receptor sensitivity