Barbiturates: Difference between revisions
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==Background== | |||
*Are [[Sedative/hypnotic toxicity|sedative/hypnotics]] used mainly for anesthesia and epilepsy | |||
*Increase the duration of GABA-A channel opening (as opposed to [[benzodiazepines]], which increase frequency of channel opening) | |||
==Types== | ==Types== | ||
{| {{table}} | |||
| align="center" style="background:#f0f0f0;"|'''Drug''' | |||
| align="center" style="background:#f0f0f0;"|'''Half-life (h)''' | |||
| align="center" style="background:#f0f0f0;"|'''Duration of Effect (h)''' | |||
| align="center" style="background:#f0f0f0;"|'''Hypnotic Dose (mg)''' | |||
| align="center" style="background:#f0f0f0;"|'''Minimum Toxic level (mg/L)''' | |||
|- | |||
| '''Ultra–short-acting'''|||||||| | |||
* | |- | ||
| [[Methohexital]]||3-5||< 0.5||50-120||>5 | |||
|- | |||
| [[Thiopental]]||8-10||< 0.5||50-75||>5 | |||
|- | |||
| '''Short-acting'''|||||||| | |||
|- | |||
| [[Secobarbital]]||15-40||>3-4||100-200||>10 | |||
|- | |||
| '''Intermediate-acting'''|||||||| | |||
|- | |||
| [[Amobarbital]]||10-40||>4-6||65-200||>10 | |||
|- | |||
| [[Butabarbital]]||35-50||>4-6||100-200||>10 | |||
|- | |||
| '''Long-acting'''|||||||| | |||
|- | |||
| [[Mephobarbital]]||10-70||>6-12||50-100||>30 | |||
|- | |||
| [[Phenobarbital]]||80-120||>6-12||100-320||>30 | |||
|} | |||
==See Also== | |||
*[[Barbituate toxicity]] | |||
[[Category: | [[Category:Pharmacology]] | ||
Latest revision as of 20:56, 20 February 2021
Background
- Are sedative/hypnotics used mainly for anesthesia and epilepsy
- Increase the duration of GABA-A channel opening (as opposed to benzodiazepines, which increase frequency of channel opening)
Types
| Drug | Half-life (h) | Duration of Effect (h) | Hypnotic Dose (mg) | Minimum Toxic level (mg/L) |
| Ultra–short-acting | ||||
| Methohexital | 3-5 | < 0.5 | 50-120 | >5 |
| Thiopental | 8-10 | < 0.5 | 50-75 | >5 |
| Short-acting | ||||
| Secobarbital | 15-40 | >3-4 | 100-200 | >10 |
| Intermediate-acting | ||||
| Amobarbital | 10-40 | >4-6 | 65-200 | >10 |
| Butabarbital | 35-50 | >4-6 | 100-200 | >10 |
| Long-acting | ||||
| Mephobarbital | 10-70 | >6-12 | 50-100 | >30 |
| Phenobarbital | 80-120 | >6-12 | 100-320 | >30 |