Contact dermatitis: Difference between revisions
ClaireLewis (talk | contribs) No edit summary |
|||
| Line 2: | Line 2: | ||
*Type IV [[Hypersensitivity Reaction|hypersensitivity reaction]] | *Type IV [[Hypersensitivity Reaction|hypersensitivity reaction]] | ||
*Three Types | *Three Types | ||
**Allergic contact dermatitis: nickel, gold, chromium, poison ivy, poison oak, and poison sumac | **Allergic contact dermatitis: nickel, gold, chromium, [[poison ivy]], poison oak, and poison sumac | ||
**Irritant contact dermatitis: solvents, neat oils, kerosene, surfactants in cosmetics, latex, drain cleaners | **Irritant contact dermatitis: solvents, neat oils, kerosene, surfactants in cosmetics, latex, drain cleaners | ||
**Photocontact dermatitis: interaction with UV light (lime juice and sunlight) | **Photocontact dermatitis: interaction with UV light (lime juice and sunlight) | ||
==Clinical Features== | ==Clinical Features== | ||
*Inflammation of the epidermis and dermis | *[[rash|Inflammation]] of the epidermis and dermis | ||
**Erythema may take 1-3 days to show up | **Erythema may take 1-3 days to show up | ||
**May also have blisters and wheels | **May also have blisters and wheels | ||
| Line 28: | Line 28: | ||
**Barrier protection | **Barrier protection | ||
**Emollients | **Emollients | ||
**Topical steroids show marginal benefit. | **[[Topical steroids]] show marginal benefit. | ||
==Disposition== | ==Disposition== | ||
Revision as of 20:40, 27 September 2019
Background
- Type IV hypersensitivity reaction
- Three Types
- Allergic contact dermatitis: nickel, gold, chromium, poison ivy, poison oak, and poison sumac
- Irritant contact dermatitis: solvents, neat oils, kerosene, surfactants in cosmetics, latex, drain cleaners
- Photocontact dermatitis: interaction with UV light (lime juice and sunlight)
Clinical Features
- Inflammation of the epidermis and dermis
- Erythema may take 1-3 days to show up
- May also have blisters and wheels
- Form in linear or shaped-pattern depending on exposure
- Itchy, burning, and sometimes painful
- Can take weeks to heal
Differential Diagnosis
Vesiculobullous rashes
Febrile
- Diffuse distribution
- Varicella (chickenpox)
- Smallpox
- Monkeypox
- Disseminated gonococcal disease
- DIC
- Purpural fulminans
- Localized distribution
Afebrile
- Diffuse distribution
- Bullous pemphigoid
- Drug-Induced bullous disorders
- Pemphigus vulgaris
- Phytophotodermatitis
- Erythema multiforme major
- Bullous impetigo
- Localized distribution
- Contact dermatitis
- Herpes zoster (shingles)
- Dyshidrotic eczema
- Burn
- Dermatitis herpetiformis
- Erythema multiforme minor
- Poison Oak, Ivy, Sumac dermatitis
- Bullosis diabeticorum
- Bullous impetigo
- Folliculitis
Evaluation
- Clinical diagnosis
- Allergist or dermatologist may use patch test to determine exact cause
Management
- Supportive care
- Remove irritant
- Barrier protection
- Emollients
- Topical steroids show marginal benefit.
Disposition
- Discharge
See Also
- Generalized rashes