Hymenolepis nana: Difference between revisions
| Line 13: | Line 13: | ||
==Differential Diagnosis== | ==Differential Diagnosis== | ||
*Amebiasis | *[[Amebiasis]] | ||
*Colitis | *[[Colitis]] | ||
*Diphyllobothrium | *[[Diphyllobothrium latum]] Infection | ||
*Giardiasis | *[[Giardiasis]] | ||
*Hookworm Infection | *[[Hookworm]] Infection | ||
*Intestinal Protozoal Diseases | *Intestinal Protozoal Diseases | ||
*Cystoisosporiasis | *Cystoisosporiasis | ||
*Pediatric Malabsorption Syndromes | *Pediatric Malabsorption Syndromes | ||
*Shigella Infection | *[[Shigella]] Infection | ||
*Yersinia | *[[Yersinia enterocolitica]] | ||
{{Helminth Types}} | {{Helminth Types}} | ||
Revision as of 12:02, 7 February 2016
Background
- Dwarf tapeworm - named so because it is smaller than most cestodes
- Most common human tapeworm infection worldwide
- Transmission through poor sanitation and hygiene
- Completes its entire life cycle in a single host
Clinical Features
- Most common in children
- Majority of infections are asymptomatic
- As parasite burden increases symptoms become more likely
- Presents with crampy abdominal pain, diarrhea, anorexia, and anal pruritis
- May also exhibit dizziness, irritability, sleep disturbance, and seizures
Differential Diagnosis
- Amebiasis
- Colitis
- Diphyllobothrium latum Infection
- Giardiasis
- Hookworm Infection
- Intestinal Protozoal Diseases
- Cystoisosporiasis
- Pediatric Malabsorption Syndromes
- Shigella Infection
- Yersinia enterocolitica
Helminth infections
Cestodes (Tapeworms)
- Taenia saginata
- Taenia solium (Cysticercosis)
- Diphyllobothrium latum
- Hymenolepis nana
- Echinococcus granulosus
Trematodes (Flukes)
- Fasciola hepatica
- Fasciolopsis buski
- Opistorchis viverrini
- Schistosoma spp
- Chlonorchis sinensis
- Paragonimus spp.
Nematodes (Roundworms)
- Ascaris lumbricoides
- Enterobius vermicularis (Pinworm)
- Filarial worms
- Hookworm
- Necator americanus
- Ancylostoma duodenale
- Cutaneous larva migrans (Ancylostoma braziliense)
- Dracunculiasis
- Strongyloides stercoralis
- Trichuris trichiura (Whipworm)
- Anisakis
- Toxocara spp.
- Trichinosis
Diagnosis
- Hx of above symptoms +/- local exposure
- Peripheral blood eosinophilia of 5 to 10 percent may be observed
- Definitive diagnosis by identifying eggs or proglottids in the stool
- Diagnosis of hymenolepiasis should prompt family screening or empiric treatment
Management
Praziquantel: 25 mg/kg orally (single dose), followed by repeat dose 10 days later
Disposition
- Discharge with follow up and plan to either screen or treat family and close contacts
See Also
External Links
References
<UpToDate>