Barbiturates: Difference between revisions
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*Are [[Sedative/hypnotic toxicity|sedative/hypnotics]] used mainly for anesthesia and epilepsy | *Are [[Sedative/hypnotic toxicity|sedative/hypnotics]] used mainly for anesthesia and epilepsy | ||
*Increase the duration of GABA-A channel opening (as opposed to [[benzodiazepines]], which increase frequency of channel opening) | *Increase the duration of GABA-A channel opening (as opposed to [[benzodiazepines]], which increase frequency of channel opening) | ||
*'''[[High-risk geriatric medication]]!''' | |||
==Types== | ==Types== | ||
Latest revision as of 23:13, 20 May 2026
Background
- Are sedative/hypnotics used mainly for anesthesia and epilepsy
- Increase the duration of GABA-A channel opening (as opposed to benzodiazepines, which increase frequency of channel opening)
- High-risk geriatric medication!
Types
| Drug | Half-life (h) | Duration of Effect (h) | Hypnotic Dose (mg) | Minimum Toxic level (mg/L) |
| Ultra–short-acting | ||||
| Methohexital | 3-5 | < 0.5 | 50-120 | >5 |
| Thiopental | 8-10 | < 0.5 | 50-75 | >5 |
| Short-acting | ||||
| Secobarbital | 15-40 | >3-4 | 100-200 | >10 |
| Intermediate-acting | ||||
| Amobarbital | 10-40 | >4-6 | 65-200 | >10 |
| Butabarbital | 35-50 | >4-6 | 100-200 | >10 |
| Long-acting | ||||
| Mephobarbital | 10-70 | >6-12 | 50-100 | >30 |
| Phenobarbital | 80-120 | >6-12 | 100-320 | >30 |
See Also