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{| class="wikitable"
{| class="wikitable"
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! Thickness
! Type<ref name=Tint2010/> !! Layers involved !! Appearance !! Texture !! Sensation !! Healing Time !! Prognosis !! Example
! Depth
! Characteristics
! Expected Course
|-
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| Superficial
| Superficial (1st-degree)|| [[Epidermis]]<ref name=EMP2009/> ||[[Erythema|Red]] without blisters<ref name=Tint2010/>|| Dry || [[Pain]]ful<ref name=Tint2010/>|| 5–10&nbsp;days<ref name=Tint2010/><ref name=AFP2012/> || Heals well.<ref name=Tint2010/> Repeated [[sunburn]]s increase the risk of [[skin cancer]] later in life.<ref>{{cite book |last=Buttaro |first=Terry |title=Primary Care: A Collaborative Practice |year=2012 |publisher=Elsevier Health Sciences |isbn=978-0-323-07585-5 |page=236 |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=YBcHR-wQOWQC&pg=PA236 |deadurl=no |archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20160513060829/https://books.google.com/books?id=YBcHR-wQOWQC&pg=PA236 |archivedate=13 May 2016 |df= }}</ref> || [[Image:Sunburn.jpg|70px|A sunburn is a typical first-degree burn.]]
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*Epidermis
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*Pain, redness, mild swelling (no blisters)
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*Heals without scarring within 7 days
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|-
| Superficial Partial
| Superficial partial thickness (2nd-degree) || Extends into superficial (papillary) [[dermis]]<ref name=Tint2010/> || Redness with clear [[blister]].<ref name=Tint2010/> [[Blanch (medical)|Blanches]] with pressure.<ref name=Tint2010/> || Moist<ref name=Tint2010/> || Very painful<ref name=Tint2010/> || 2–3 weeks<ref name=Tint2010/><ref name=TBCChp10/> || Local infection ([[cellulitis]]) but no scarring typically<ref name=TBCChp10>{{cite book |editor=Herndon D |title=Total burn care |publisher=Saunders| location=Edinburgh |isbn=978-1-4377-2786-9 |page=127 |edition=4th|chapter=Chapter 10: Evaluation of the burn wound: management decisions|year=2012 }}</ref>||
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[[Image:Scaldburn.jpg|70px|Second-degree burn of the thumb]]
*Epidermis + superficial dermis (papillary region)
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*Blisters, painful
*Good perfusion of dermis with intact cap refill
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*Heals without scarring in 14-21 days
|-
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| Deep Partial
| Deep partial thickness (2nd-degree) || Extends into deep (reticular) dermis<ref name=Tint2010/> || Yellow or white. Less blanching. May be blistering.<ref name=Tint2010/> || Fairly dry<ref name=TBCChp10/> || Pressure and discomfort<ref name=TBCChp10/> || 3–8&nbsp;weeks<ref name=Tint2010/>|| Scarring, [[Burn scar contracture|contractures]] (may require excision and [[skin grafting]])<ref name=TBCChp10/> || [[Image:major-2nd-degree-burn.jpg|70px|Second-degree burn caused by contact with boiling water]]
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*Epidermis + deep dermis (reticular region)
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*Blisters, painful, exposed dermis is pale white-yellow in color
*Burned area does not blanch (absent cap refill)
*Sensation diminished to light touch and pinprick but normal pressure sensation
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*Heals with scarring in 3-8 weeks
*May require skin-graft if does not heal within 21 days
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| Full
| Full thickness (3rd-degree) || Extends through entire dermis<ref name=Tint2010/> || Stiff and white/brown.<ref name=Tint2010/> No blanching.<ref name=TBCChp10/> || Leathery<ref name=Tint2010/> || Painless<ref name=Tint2010/> || Prolonged (months) and incomplete<ref name=Tint2010/> || Scarring, contractures, amputation (early excision recommended)<ref name=TBCChp10/> || [[Image:8-day-old-3rd-degree-burn.jpg|70px|Eight day old third-degree burn caused by motorcycle muffler.]]
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*Epidermis + dermis + hypodermis
| 4th-degree|| Extends through entire skin, and into underlying fat, muscle and bone<ref name=Tint2010/> || Black; charred with [[eschar]] || Dry || Painless || Requires excision<ref name=Tint2010/> || Amputation, significant functional impairment and in some cases, death.<ref name=Tint2010/>
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| [[Image:Ожог кисть.jpg|70px|4th-degree burn]]
*White, leathery, no pain
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*Always requires skin grafting
|}
|}

Revision as of 07:49, 12 February 2019

Type[1] Layers involved Appearance Texture Sensation Healing Time Prognosis Example
Superficial (1st-degree) Epidermis[2] Red without blisters[1] Dry Painful[1] 5–10 days[1][3] Heals well.[1] Repeated sunburns increase the risk of skin cancer later in life.[4] A sunburn is a typical first-degree burn.
Superficial partial thickness (2nd-degree) Extends into superficial (papillary) dermis[1] Redness with clear blister.[1] Blanches with pressure.[1] Moist[1] Very painful[1] 2–3 weeks[1][5] Local infection (cellulitis) but no scarring typically[5]

Second-degree burn of the thumb

Deep partial thickness (2nd-degree) Extends into deep (reticular) dermis[1] Yellow or white. Less blanching. May be blistering.[1] Fairly dry[5] Pressure and discomfort[5] 3–8 weeks[1] Scarring, contractures (may require excision and skin grafting)[5] Second-degree burn caused by contact with boiling water
Full thickness (3rd-degree) Extends through entire dermis[1] Stiff and white/brown.[1] No blanching.[5] Leathery[1] Painless[1] Prolonged (months) and incomplete[1] Scarring, contractures, amputation (early excision recommended)[5] Eight day old third-degree burn caused by motorcycle muffler.
4th-degree Extends through entire skin, and into underlying fat, muscle and bone[1] Black; charred with eschar Dry Painless Requires excision[1] Amputation, significant functional impairment and in some cases, death.[1] 4th-degree burn
  1. ↑ 1.00 1.01 1.02 1.03 1.04 1.05 1.06 1.07 1.08 1.09 1.10 1.11 1.12 1.13 1.14 1.15 1.16 1.17 1.18 1.19 1.20 1.21 Cite error: Invalid <ref> tag; no text was provided for refs named Tint2010
  2. ↑ Cite error: Invalid <ref> tag; no text was provided for refs named EMP2009
  3. ↑ Cite error: Invalid <ref> tag; no text was provided for refs named AFP2012
  4. ↑ Template:Cite book
  5. ↑ 5.0 5.1 5.2 5.3 5.4 5.5 5.6 Template:Cite book
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