Heat exhaustion: Difference between revisions
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Revision as of 21:14, 24 July 2016
Background
Etiology[1]
- Occurs via water depletion or sodium depletion or combination
- Water depletion occurs in elderly and persons working in hot environments
- Salt depletion occurs when fluid losses are replaced with hypotonic solutions
Clinical Features[2]
Known heat exposure with temperature 37-40C with:
- Tachycardia
- Sweating (especially when associated with exercise)
- Nausea or vomiting
- Headache
- Fatigue, weakness
- Dizziness
- Orthostatic hypotension with normal mental status
Differential Diagnosis
Environmental heat diagnoses
Evaluation
Labs
- Evidence of hemoconcentration
- May be hyponatremic, isotonic or hypernatremic
- Depending on ratio of fluid and electrolyte loss to intake
Treatment[3]
- Removal from heat-stressed environment
- Volume and electrolyte replacement
- Oral versus IV depending on severity
- Aggressive cooling to 39C if patient does not respond to 30min of fluid replacement
Disposition[4]
- Majority of patients can be discharged
- Consider admision in patients with CHF or severe electrolyte disturbances
Complications
See Also
References
- ↑ Waters T. Heat Emergencies In: Tintinalli's Emergency Medicine: A Comprehensive Study Guide. 7th ed. McGraw Hill Medical. 2011: 1339
- ↑ Waters T. Heat Emergencies In: Tintinalli's Emergency Medicine: A Comprehensive Study Guide. 7th ed. McGraw Hill Medical. 2011: 1339
- ↑ Waters T. Heat Emergencies In: Tintinalli's Emergency Medicine: A Comprehensive Study Guide. 7th ed. McGraw Hill Medical. 2011: 1339
- ↑ Waters T. Heat Emergencies In: Tintinalli's Emergency Medicine: A Comprehensive Study Guide. 7th ed. McGraw Hill Medical. 2011: 1339