Transplant complications: Difference between revisions
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***[[Prednisone]]/[[Prednisolone]] | ***[[Prednisone]]/[[Prednisolone]] | ||
== | ==Types== | ||
*[[Graft-vs-host disease]] | *[[Graft-vs-host disease]] | ||
*[[Kidney transplant]] | *[[Kidney transplant]] | ||
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*[[Lung transplant]] | *[[Lung transplant]] | ||
*[[Pancreas transplant]] | *[[Pancreas transplant]] | ||
==See Also== | |||
==External Links== | ==External Links== | ||
Revision as of 20:12, 4 February 2016
Background
- Transplanted organ frequency: kidney > liver > heart > lung > pancreas > other (combined and intestines)
- Most transplant patients require lifelong immunosuppression
- Types of emergencies
- transplant-related infection
- medication side effects
- rejection
- graft-versus-host disease
- postoperative complications and complications of altered physiology secondary to the transplanted organ
- Often transplant patients present with common medical problems but require unique management due to their altered physiology [1]
Epidemiology
- Types of presentations
- Infection (39%)
- Noninfectious GI/GU pathology (15%)
- Dehydration (15%)
- Electrolyte disturbances (10%)
- Cardiopulmonary pathology (10%)
- Injury (8%)
- Rejection (6%)
- Acute graft-versus-host disease occurs in 20% to 80% of patients post-hematopoietic stem cell transplantation (HSCT); rarely occurs in solid organ transplant [2]
Complications Due to Immunosuppressant Medications
- Balance between immune suppression, rejection and susceptibility to infection
- Typical regimen includes: calcineurin inhibitor + antimetabolite + steroid
- Calcineurin inhibitor
- Cyclosporine
- Tacrolimus
- Antimetabolite
- Azathioprine
- Mycophenolate Mofetil (MMF)
- Steroids
- Calcineurin inhibitor
Types
- Graft-vs-host disease
- Kidney transplant
- Liver transplant
- Heart transplant
- Lung transplant
- Pancreas transplant