Myxoma: Difference between revisions
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==Background== | ==Background== | ||
[[File:Myxoma.jpg|thumb|A myxoma: a gelatinous tumor attached by a narrow pedicle to the atrial septum. The myxoma has an irregular surface and nearly fills the left atrium.]] | |||
*Most common primary cardiac neoplasm | *Most common primary cardiac neoplasm | ||
*~80% of myxomas originate in the left atrium, with the remainder in the right atrium<ref>Kuon E, Kreplin M, Weiss W, Dahm JB. The challenge presented by right atrial myxoma. Herz. 2004 Nov;29(7):702-9. doi: 10.1007/s00059-004-2571-7. PMID: 15580325.</ref> | *~80% of myxomas originate in the left atrium, with the remainder in the right atrium<ref>Kuon E, Kreplin M, Weiss W, Dahm JB. The challenge presented by right atrial myxoma. Herz. 2004 Nov;29(7):702-9. doi: 10.1007/s00059-004-2571-7. PMID: 15580325.</ref> | ||
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==Evaluation== | ==Evaluation== | ||
[[File:PMC4582919 amjcaserep-16-645-g001.png|thumb|(A) Cardiac MRI showing atrial myxoma during systole. (B) Cardiac MRI showing atrial myxoma during diastole. RA – right atrium; RV – right ventricle; LA – left atrium; LV – left ventricle; arrow – myxoma.]] | |||
[[File:PMC5412748 JCE-27-33-g007.png|thumb| Left atrial myxomas. (a) Parasternal long-axis view showing wedging of the myxoma into the mitral valve; (b) same case (four chamber view); (c) three-dimensional transesophageal echocardiography visualization of a left atrium myxoma attached to the posterior wall of the left atrium proximal to the pulmonary vein; (d) transesophageal echocardiography four chamber view of a large left atrium myxoma obstructing the mitral valve.]] | |||
===Workup=== | ===Workup=== | ||
*Transthoracic echocardiogram | |||
*Transesophageal echocardiogram | |||
*Cardiac MRI | |||
===Diagnosis=== | ===Diagnosis=== | ||
*Typical location of myxomas is | *Typical location of myxomas is amenable to visualization with TTE | ||
==Management== | ==Management== | ||
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==Disposition== | ==Disposition== | ||
*Most often admit for further management including potential anticoagulation and resection | |||
==See Also== | ==See Also== | ||
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==References== | ==References== | ||
<references/> | <references/> | ||
[[Category:Cardiology]] | |||
Latest revision as of 01:44, 22 July 2024
Background
- Most common primary cardiac neoplasm
- ~80% of myxomas originate in the left atrium, with the remainder in the right atrium[1]
Clinical Features
- Cardiovascular symptoms mimicking mitral valve obstruction (e.g., left atrial hypertrophy)
- Increased risk of systemic embolization
- Constitutional symptoms (e.g., fever, weight loss)
Differential Diagnosis
Evaluation
Left atrial myxomas. (a) Parasternal long-axis view showing wedging of the myxoma into the mitral valve; (b) same case (four chamber view); (c) three-dimensional transesophageal echocardiography visualization of a left atrium myxoma attached to the posterior wall of the left atrium proximal to the pulmonary vein; (d) transesophageal echocardiography four chamber view of a large left atrium myxoma obstructing the mitral valve.
Workup
- Transthoracic echocardiogram
- Transesophageal echocardiogram
- Cardiac MRI
Diagnosis
- Typical location of myxomas is amenable to visualization with TTE
Management
- Once presumptive diagnosis made, prompt resection is required due to elevated risk of embolization or cardiac complications[2]
Disposition
- Most often admit for further management including potential anticoagulation and resection
See Also
External Links
References
- ↑ Kuon E, Kreplin M, Weiss W, Dahm JB. The challenge presented by right atrial myxoma. Herz. 2004 Nov;29(7):702-9. doi: 10.1007/s00059-004-2571-7. PMID: 15580325.
- ↑ Keeling IM, Oberwalder P, Anelli-Monti M, Schuchlenz H, Demel U, Tilz GP, Rehak P, Rigler B. Cardiac myxomas: 24 years of experience in 49 patients. Eur J Cardiothorac Surg. 2002 Dec;22(6):971-7. doi: 10.1016/s1010-7940(02)00592-4. PMID: 12467822.