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===[[Altered mental status]]=== | ===[[Altered mental status]]=== | ||
====Diffuse brain dysfunction==== | ====Diffuse brain dysfunction==== | ||
*Hypoxic encephalopathy | *[[hypoxia|Hypoxic]] encephalopathy | ||
*[[Delirium|Acute toxic-metabolic encephalopathy (Delirium)]] | *[[Delirium|Acute toxic-metabolic encephalopathy (Delirium)]] | ||
**[[Hypoglycemia]] | **[[Hypoglycemia]] | ||
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**[[Hepatic Encephalopathy]] | **[[Hepatic Encephalopathy]] | ||
**[[Uremia]]/[[Renal Failure]] | **[[Uremia]]/[[Renal Failure]] | ||
**Endocrine ([[Addison's disease]], [[hypothyroidism]], [[myxedema coma]], [[thyroid storm]]) | **Endocrine ([[Addison's disease]], [[Cushing syndrome]], [[hypothyroidism]], [[myxedema coma]], [[thyroid storm]]) | ||
**[[Hypoxia]] | **[[Hypoxia]] | ||
**[[CO2 narcosis]] | **[[CO2 narcosis]] | ||
*[[Hypertensive Encephalopathy]] | *[[Hypertensive Encephalopathy]] | ||
*[[Toxins]] | *[[Toxins]] | ||
*[[TTP]] / [[Thrombotic thrombocytopenic purpura]] | |||
*[[Alcohol withdrawal]] | |||
*Drug reactions ([[NMS]], [[Serotonin Syndrome]]) | *Drug reactions ([[NMS]], [[Serotonin Syndrome]]) | ||
*Environmental causes | *Environmental causes | ||
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*Deficiency state | *Deficiency state | ||
**[[Wernicke encephalopathy]] | **[[Wernicke encephalopathy]] | ||
**Subacute Combined Degeneration of Spinal Cord ([[Vitamin B12 deficiency|B12 deficiency]]) | |||
**[[Rickets|Vitamin D Deficiency]] | |||
**Zinc Deficiency | |||
*[[Sepsis]] | *[[Sepsis]] | ||
*[[Osmotic demyelination syndrome]] (central pontine myelinolysis) | |||
*[[Limbic encephalitis]] | |||
====Primary CNS disease or trauma==== | ====Primary CNS disease or trauma==== | ||
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**[[Subdural hemorrhage|Subdural]]/[[epidural hematoma]] | **[[Subdural hemorrhage|Subdural]]/[[epidural hematoma]] | ||
*Vascular disease | *Vascular disease | ||
**Intraparenchymal hemorrhage | **[[ICH|Intraparenchymal hemorrhage]] | ||
*[[SAH]] | *[[SAH]] | ||
*[[Stroke]] | *[[Stroke]] | ||
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**[[Meningitis]] | **[[Meningitis]] | ||
*Neoplasms | *Neoplasms | ||
**[[Paraneoplastic]] [[Limbic encephalitis]] | |||
**Malignant Meningitis | |||
**Pancreatic [[Insulinoma]] | |||
*[[Seizures]] | *[[Seizures]] | ||
**Nonconvulsive [[status epilepticus]] | **Nonconvulsive [[status epilepticus]] | ||
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====Psychiatric==== | ====Psychiatric==== | ||
*[[Acute psychosis]] | *[[Acute psychosis]] | ||
*[[Catatonia]] | |||
*[[Excited delirium]] | *[[Excited delirium]] | ||
*Malingering | *Malingering | ||
*[[Steroid induced psychosis]] | |||
Latest revision as of 12:29, 13 March 2024
Altered mental status
Diffuse brain dysfunction
- Hypoxic encephalopathy
- Acute toxic-metabolic encephalopathy (Delirium)
- Hypoglycemia
- Hyperosmolar state (e.g., hyperglycemia)
- Electrolyte Abnormalities (hypernatremia or hyponatremia, hypercalcemia)
- Organ system failure
- Hepatic Encephalopathy
- Uremia/Renal Failure
- Endocrine (Addison's disease, Cushing syndrome, hypothyroidism, myxedema coma, thyroid storm)
- Hypoxia
- CO2 narcosis
- Hypertensive Encephalopathy
- Toxins
- TTP / Thrombotic thrombocytopenic purpura
- Alcohol withdrawal
- Drug reactions (NMS, Serotonin Syndrome)
- Environmental causes
- Deficiency state
- Wernicke encephalopathy
- Subacute Combined Degeneration of Spinal Cord (B12 deficiency)
- Vitamin D Deficiency
- Zinc Deficiency
- Sepsis
- Osmotic demyelination syndrome (central pontine myelinolysis)
- Limbic encephalitis
Primary CNS disease or trauma
- Direct CNS trauma
- Diffuse axonal injury
- Subdural/epidural hematoma
- Vascular disease
- SAH
- Stroke
- Hemispheric, brainstem
- CNS infections
- Neoplasms
- Paraneoplastic Limbic encephalitis
- Malignant Meningitis
- Pancreatic Insulinoma
- Seizures
- Nonconvulsive status epilepticus
- Postictal state
- Dementia