Albuterol: Difference between revisions
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==Adult Dosing== | ==Adult Dosing== | ||
*Mild Asthma/COPD - 90mcg/inh via inhalation aerosol q4hrs PRN wheezing | |||
*Mod/Severe Asthma/COPD exacerbation - 5mg Nebulized q15mins | |||
*[[Hyperkalemia]] (not-FDA approved) - 15-20mg Nebulized | |||
==Pediatric Dosing== | ==Pediatric Dosing== | ||
*Mild asthma exacerbation - 1-2 puffs of 90mcg/inh via inhaled aerosol q4hrs PRN wheezing | |||
*Mod/Severe asthma exacerbation - 2.5mg nebulized q20mins | |||
*Wheezing - 2.5mg nebulized q20mins | |||
==Special Populations== | ==Special Populations== | ||
*[[Drug Ratings in Pregnancy|Pregnancy Rating]]: | *[[Drug Ratings in Pregnancy|Pregnancy Rating]]: C | ||
*[[Lactation Risk Categories]]: | *[[Lactation Risk Categories]]: Probably safe | ||
*Renal Dosing | *Renal Dosing | ||
**Adult | **Adult: no adjustment | ||
**Pediatric | **Pediatric: no adjustment | ||
*Hepatic Dosing | *Hepatic Dosing | ||
**Adult | **Adult: not defined | ||
**Pediatric | **Pediatric: not defined | ||
==Contraindications== | ==Contraindications== | ||
*Allergy to class/drug | *Allergy to class/drug | ||
*caution if ischemic heart disease | |||
*caution if hypertension | |||
*caution if arrhythmias | |||
*caution if hypokalemia | |||
*caution if diabetes mellitus | |||
*caution if seizure disorder | |||
*caution if hyperthyroidism | |||
*caution if pheochromocytoma | |||
*caution if pregnancy | |||
*caution if elderly patients | |||
==Adverse Reactions== | ==Adverse Reactions== | ||
===Serious=== | ===Serious=== | ||
* | *[[Hypersensitivity reaction]] | ||
* | *Bronchospasm (paradoxical) | ||
* | *[[Arrhythmias]] | ||
* | *[[Elevated blood pressure]] | ||
* | *[[Angina]] | ||
* | *[[Hypokalemia]] | ||
* | *[[Lactic acidosis]] | ||
**Due to enhancing glycogenolysis and gluconeogenesis | |||
===Common=== | ===Common=== | ||
*[[Tremor]] | |||
*[[Anxiety]] | |||
*[[Tachycardia]] | |||
*[[Palpitations]] | |||
*[[Headache]] | |||
*[[Dizziness]] | |||
*[[Nausea]] | |||
*[[Muscle cramps]] | |||
*[[Insomnia]] | |||
==Pharmacology== | ==Pharmacology== | ||
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==See Also== | ==See Also== | ||
==References== | |||
<references/> | <references/> | ||
[[Category: | |||
[[Category:Pharmacology]] [[Category:Pulmonary]] | |||
Latest revision as of 15:57, 13 September 2023
General
- Type: Beta-2 agonist
- Dosage Forms: aerosol inhaler, liquid nebulized form, PO
- Common Trade Names: ProAir HFA, Proventil, Ventolin HFA, ReliOn Ventolin HFA, Accuneb
Adult Dosing
- Mild Asthma/COPD - 90mcg/inh via inhalation aerosol q4hrs PRN wheezing
- Mod/Severe Asthma/COPD exacerbation - 5mg Nebulized q15mins
- Hyperkalemia (not-FDA approved) - 15-20mg Nebulized
Pediatric Dosing
- Mild asthma exacerbation - 1-2 puffs of 90mcg/inh via inhaled aerosol q4hrs PRN wheezing
- Mod/Severe asthma exacerbation - 2.5mg nebulized q20mins
- Wheezing - 2.5mg nebulized q20mins
Special Populations
- Pregnancy Rating: C
- Lactation Risk Categories: Probably safe
- Renal Dosing
- Adult: no adjustment
- Pediatric: no adjustment
- Hepatic Dosing
- Adult: not defined
- Pediatric: not defined
Contraindications
- Allergy to class/drug
- caution if ischemic heart disease
- caution if hypertension
- caution if arrhythmias
- caution if hypokalemia
- caution if diabetes mellitus
- caution if seizure disorder
- caution if hyperthyroidism
- caution if pheochromocytoma
- caution if pregnancy
- caution if elderly patients
Adverse Reactions
Serious
- Hypersensitivity reaction
- Bronchospasm (paradoxical)
- Arrhythmias
- Elevated blood pressure
- Angina
- Hypokalemia
- Lactic acidosis
- Due to enhancing glycogenolysis and gluconeogenesis
Common
Pharmacology
- Half-life: 2.7-6h
- Metabolism: liver, CYP450
- Excretion: urine primarily, feces
- Mechanism of Action: stimulates beta-2 adrenergic receptors, relaxing airway smooth muscle