Valacyclovir: Difference between revisions

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==General==
==General==
*Type: inhibits DNA polymerase
*Type: [[Antiviral]], inhibits DNA polymerase
*Dosage Forms: 500, 1000
*Dosage Forms: 500, 1000
*Common Trade Names: Valtrex
*Common Trade Names: Valtrex
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==Special Populations==
==Special Populations==
*[[Drug Ratings in Pregnancy|Pregnancy Rating]]:
*[[Drug Ratings in Pregnancy|Pregnancy Rating]]: B
*Lactation:
*Lactation: Excreted in breastmilk
*Renal Dosing
*Renal Dosing
**Adult
**CrCl <10 mL/min: 500 mg/day PO
**Pediatric
*Hepatic Dosing: not defined
*Hepatic Dosing
**Adult
**Pediatric


==Contraindications==
==Contraindications==
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==Adverse Reactions==
==Adverse Reactions==
===Serious===
===Serious===
*TTP, HUS (reported in advanced HIV and transplant patients)
*Acute renal failure (especially if elderly or underlying renal disease)
*Agitation, hallucinations, encephalopathy (higher risk in elderly)


===Common===
===Common===
*Headache, dizziness
*Nausea/vomiting, abdominal pain
*Neutropenia, thrombocytopenia, leukopenia
*Elevated LFTs
*Nasopharyngitis
*Dysmenorrhea
*Depression
*Rash
*Alopecia
*EM
*Hypertension
*Tachycardia
*Tremor
*Visual disturbance


==Pharmacology==
==Pharmacology==
*Half-life:  
*Half-life: 2-3.3hr
*Metabolism:  
*Metabolism: Hepatic
*Excretion:  
*Excretion: Urinary
*Mechanism of Action:
*Mechanism of Action: converted to acyclovir, which competes with deoxyguanosine triphosphate for viral DNA polymerase to inhibit DNA synthesis and viral replication


==See Also==
==See Also==


==References==
==References==
<references/>


<references/>
[[Category:Pharmacology]]
[[Category:Pharmacology]]
[[Category:ID]]

Latest revision as of 23:22, 23 September 2019

General

  • Type: Antiviral, inhibits DNA polymerase
  • Dosage Forms: 500, 1000
  • Common Trade Names: Valtrex

Adult Dosing

HSV-1

  • Acute episode: 2000mg PO BID x 1 day
  • Suppression: 500mg PO Qday

Genital HSV

  • 1st episode: 1000mg PO BID x 7-10 days, start within 48-72 hour of symptoms
  • recurrence: 500mg PO BID x 3 days, alternative: 1000mg PO qday x 5 days

Shingles

  • 1000mg PO TID x 7 days

Pediatric Dosing

Genital HSV

  • ≥12 yrs same as adult dosing for adolescents

Special Populations

  • Pregnancy Rating: B
  • Lactation: Excreted in breastmilk
  • Renal Dosing
    • CrCl <10 mL/min: 500 mg/day PO
  • Hepatic Dosing: not defined

Contraindications

  • Allergy to class/drug

Adverse Reactions

Serious

  • TTP, HUS (reported in advanced HIV and transplant patients)
  • Acute renal failure (especially if elderly or underlying renal disease)
  • Agitation, hallucinations, encephalopathy (higher risk in elderly)

Common

  • Headache, dizziness
  • Nausea/vomiting, abdominal pain
  • Neutropenia, thrombocytopenia, leukopenia
  • Elevated LFTs
  • Nasopharyngitis
  • Dysmenorrhea
  • Depression
  • Rash
  • Alopecia
  • EM
  • Hypertension
  • Tachycardia
  • Tremor
  • Visual disturbance

Pharmacology

  • Half-life: 2-3.3hr
  • Metabolism: Hepatic
  • Excretion: Urinary
  • Mechanism of Action: converted to acyclovir, which competes with deoxyguanosine triphosphate for viral DNA polymerase to inhibit DNA synthesis and viral replication

See Also

References