Nucleoside analog
(Redirected from Nucleoside analoge)
Mechanism of Action
- Nucleoside analoges are a class of antiviral medications that mimic the structure of natural nucleosides, interfering with viral DNA or RNA synthesis
- Primarily used for treatment of herpesvirus infections (e.g., HSV, VZV), HIV, hepatitis B and C, and some other viral infections
- Work by being incorporated into viral nucleic acids, leading to chain termination or mutagenesis
Adverse Effects
Common
- Nausea, vomiting, diarrhea
- Headache, fatigue
- Rash or pruritus
- Bone marrow suppression (e.g., zidovudine)
Serious
- Neurotoxicity (e.g., cidofovir, tenofovir)
- Nephrotoxicity (e.g., acyclovir in renal impairment)
- Lactic acidosis and hepatotoxicity (e.g., nucleoside reverse transcriptase inhibitors like zidovudine)
- Bone density loss (e.g., tenofovir)
- Teratogenicity (e.g., ribavirin contraindicated in pregnancy)