View source for Viral parotitis

==Background==
[[File:Gray1024.png|thumb|Parotid anatomy.]]
*Acute infection of the parotid glands
*Most often caused by paramyxoviruses (e.g. [[mumps]]), but should consider [[influenza]]<ref>Rolfes, Melissa A, et al. “Influenza-Associated Parotitis During the 2014–2015 Influenza Season in the United States.” Clinical Infectious Diseases, vol. 67, no. 4, 2018, pp. 485–492., doi:10.1093/cid/ciy136.</ref>; less commonly by parainfluenza, [[coxsackie]], echo, [[HIV]]
*Most common in children <15yrs
*Contagious for 9 days after onset of parotid swelling

===Complications===
*[[Mastitis]], [[pancreatitis]], aseptic [[meningitis]], [[hearing loss]], [[myocarditis]], [[polyarthritis]], [[hemolytic anemia]]

==Clinical Features==
[[File:PMC3385293 aps-39-59-g001.png|thumb|Right sided parotitis with parotid swelling.]]
*Prodrome of [[fever]], malaise, [[headache]], myalgias, [[arthralgias]]
*Unilateral or [[bilateral parotitis|bilateral]] parotid swelling
*Unilateral [[orchitis]] (20-30% of male patients)

==Differential Diagnosis==
{{Bilateral parotitis DDX}}
{{Facial swelling DDX}}

==Evaluation==
*Generally a clinical diagnosis
*May confirm diagnosis with mumps immunoglobulin (IgM and IgG) or PCR (may also be needed by local health department for reporting)
*[[Testicular ultrasound]] if concern for [[orchitis]]
*[[Lumbar puncture]] if concern for associated [[meningitis]]/[[encephalitis]]

==Management==
*Supportive care is the mainstay of treatment

==Disposition==
*Isolated parotitis or orchitis: manage as outpatient
*Systemic complications: admit
*Report to local health department (nationally reportable disease)

==See Also==
*[[Salivary gland diagnoses]]
*[[Bilateral parotitis]]

==External Links==
*[https://www.cdc.gov/mumps/hcp.html CDC: Mumps for HCP]
*[https://www.merckmanuals.com/professional/pediatrics/miscellaneous-viral-infections-in-infants-and-children/mumps#:~:text=(Epidemic%20Parotitis)&text=Mumps%20is%20an%20acute%2C%20contagious,orchitis%2C%20meningoencephalitis%2C%20and%20pancreatitis. Merck Manual: Mumps]

==References==
<references/>

[[Category:ENT]]
[[Category:ID]]