Ureter trauma: Difference between revisions

m (Rossdonaldson1 moved page Ureter Trauma to Ureter trauma)
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==Background==
==Background==
*90% of injuries occur from penetrating injury
[[File:Urinary system.png|thumb|'''(1) Human urinary system:''' (2) kidney; (3) renal pelvis; (4) ureter; (5) urinary bladder (6) urethra. <Br>'''Additional structures:''' (7) adrenal gland; (8) renal artery and vein; (9) inferior vena cava; (10) abdominal aorta; (11) common iliac artery and vein; (12) liver; (13) large intestine; (14) pelvis.]]
[[File:Blausen 0592 KidneyAnatomy 01.png|thumb|Renal anatomy.]]
[[File:PMC5265200 13244 2016 536 Fig1 HTML.png|thumb|Perinephric space with exaggerated pararenal space to show retroperitoneal structures. Perinephric bridging septa are seen between the left kidney and the adjacent renal fascia.]]
*90% of non-iatrogenic injuries occur from penetrating injury
*Isolated ureter injury is rare
*Isolated ureter injury is rare


==Clinical Features==
==Clinical Features<ref>https://www.merckmanuals.com/professional/injuries-poisoning/genitourinary-tract-trauma/ureteral-trauma</ref>==
*Symptoms usually nonspecific
*[[Hematuria]] present in ~70%
*Delayed signs of occult injury include:
**[[Fever]]/[[sepsis]], [[flank pain]], [[ileus]], urinary leakage or obstruction
*Complications include :
**Peritoneal or retroperitoneal urinary leakage
**[[Perinephric abscess]]
**Fistula formation (e.g. ureterovaginal, uterocutaneous)
**Ureteral stricture/obstruction


==Differential Diagnosis==
==Differential Diagnosis==
{{Abdominal trauma DDX}}
{{Abdominal trauma DDX}}


==Diagnosis==
==Evaluation==
*Absence of hematuria does NOT rule out ureteral injury
*Absence of hematuria does NOT rule out ureteral injury
*If CT is nondiagnostic but high index of suspicion perform IV urography or retrograde pyelography
*If CT is nondiagnostic but high index of suspicion perform IV urography or retrograde pyelography
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==See Also==
==See Also==
[[GU Trauma]]
*[[Genitourinary trauma]]


==References==
==References==
[[Category:Nephro]]
[[Category:Renal]]
[[Category:Trauma]]
[[Category:Trauma]]
[[Category:Urology]]

Revision as of 21:14, 17 March 2021

Background

(1) Human urinary system: (2) kidney; (3) renal pelvis; (4) ureter; (5) urinary bladder (6) urethra.
Additional structures: (7) adrenal gland; (8) renal artery and vein; (9) inferior vena cava; (10) abdominal aorta; (11) common iliac artery and vein; (12) liver; (13) large intestine; (14) pelvis.
Renal anatomy.
Perinephric space with exaggerated pararenal space to show retroperitoneal structures. Perinephric bridging septa are seen between the left kidney and the adjacent renal fascia.
  • 90% of non-iatrogenic injuries occur from penetrating injury
  • Isolated ureter injury is rare

Clinical Features[1]

  • Symptoms usually nonspecific
  • Hematuria present in ~70%
  • Delayed signs of occult injury include:
  • Complications include :
    • Peritoneal or retroperitoneal urinary leakage
    • Perinephric abscess
    • Fistula formation (e.g. ureterovaginal, uterocutaneous)
    • Ureteral stricture/obstruction

Differential Diagnosis

Abdominal Trauma

Evaluation

  • Absence of hematuria does NOT rule out ureteral injury
  • If CT is nondiagnostic but high index of suspicion perform IV urography or retrograde pyelography

Management

  • Surgery

Disposition

  • Admit

See Also

References