Unfractionated heparin: Difference between revisions
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== | ==General== | ||
*Type: Anticoagulant | |||
*Dosage Forms: IV, SC | |||
*Common Trade Names: Heparin | |||
==Adult Dosing== | |||
*See [https://depts.washington.edu/anticoag/home/content/heparin-infusion-guidelines University of Washington pharmacy heparin infusion guidelines] | |||
===Thromboembolism=== | |||
*Bolus: 80 units/kg IV x 1 (MAX: 5,000 units) | |||
*Then drip: 18 units/kg/h IV (MAX: 1,000 units/h) | |||
*Adjust dose to target aPTT levels based on nomogram | |||
==Pediatric Dosing== | |||
*IV infusion | |||
**Initial loading dose 75 units/kg given over 10 minutes | |||
**Initial maintenance dose 20 units/kg/hour and adjest per local policy | |||
==Special Populations== | |||
*[[Drug Ratings in Pregnancy|Pregnancy Rating]]: C | |||
*[[Lactation risk categories|Lactation risk]]: Infant risk minimal | |||
*Renal Dosing | |||
**No adjustment | |||
*Hepatic Dosing | |||
**No adjustment | |||
== | ==Contraindications== | ||
*Allergy to class/drug | |||
*33% of patients develop some form of bleeding complication; 2-6% develop major bleeding | |||
*Heparin-Induced Thrombocytopenia | |||
*See [[HIT (Heparin-Induced Thrombocytopenia)]] | |||
===Risk Factors for Major Bleeding Complication=== | |||
*Recent surgery or trauma | |||
*Renal failure | |||
*Alcoholism | |||
*Malignancy | |||
*Liver failure | |||
*Concurrent use of warfarin, fibrinolytics, steroids, or antiplatelet drugs | |||
==Pharmacology== | |||
*Half-life: 1.5 hrs | |||
*Metabolism: Hepatic | |||
*Excretion: Urine | |||
*Mechanism of Action: | |||
**Binds to and activates antithrombin which in turns inactivates factor Xa and thrombin | |||
*Anticoagulation effect lasts up to 3hr after stopping infusion | |||
*Must give IV (not subq) for acute thromboembolic disease | |||
**Unpredictable anticoagulation effect | |||
**Must monitor with PTT; therapeutic range is 1.5-2.5x normal value | |||
==See Also== | |||
*[[Unfractionated heparin reversal]] | |||
*[[Coagulopathy (main)]] | |||
*[[Low molecular weight heparin]] | |||
==References== | |||
<references/> | |||
[[Category:Pharmacology]] | |||
[[Category: |
Revision as of 19:08, 20 April 2019
General
- Type: Anticoagulant
- Dosage Forms: IV, SC
- Common Trade Names: Heparin
Adult Dosing
Thromboembolism
- Bolus: 80 units/kg IV x 1 (MAX: 5,000 units)
- Then drip: 18 units/kg/h IV (MAX: 1,000 units/h)
- Adjust dose to target aPTT levels based on nomogram
Pediatric Dosing
- IV infusion
- Initial loading dose 75 units/kg given over 10 minutes
- Initial maintenance dose 20 units/kg/hour and adjest per local policy
Special Populations
- Pregnancy Rating: C
- Lactation risk: Infant risk minimal
- Renal Dosing
- No adjustment
- Hepatic Dosing
- No adjustment
Contraindications
- Allergy to class/drug
- 33% of patients develop some form of bleeding complication; 2-6% develop major bleeding
- Heparin-Induced Thrombocytopenia
- See HIT (Heparin-Induced Thrombocytopenia)
Risk Factors for Major Bleeding Complication
- Recent surgery or trauma
- Renal failure
- Alcoholism
- Malignancy
- Liver failure
- Concurrent use of warfarin, fibrinolytics, steroids, or antiplatelet drugs
Pharmacology
- Half-life: 1.5 hrs
- Metabolism: Hepatic
- Excretion: Urine
- Mechanism of Action:
- Binds to and activates antithrombin which in turns inactivates factor Xa and thrombin
- Anticoagulation effect lasts up to 3hr after stopping infusion
- Must give IV (not subq) for acute thromboembolic disease
- Unpredictable anticoagulation effect
- Must monitor with PTT; therapeutic range is 1.5-2.5x normal value