View source for Reduced-osmolarity oral rehydration solution

==Background==
[[File:Children-who-receive-ors.png|thumb]]
[[File:Cholera rehydration nurses.jpg|thumb|Cholera patient drinking oral rehydration solution (ORS) to counteract cholera-induced dehydration.]]
*''This is the current ORS solution recommended for oral re-hydration of children and adults''
*In 2003, WHO and UNICEF recommended that the osmolarity of ORS be reduced from 311 to 245 mOsm/L .<ref>[http://www.unicef.org/supply/files/Oral_Rehydration_Salts(ORS)_.pdf "New formulation of oral rehydration salts (ORS) with reduced osmolarity."] UNICEF.</ref> 
*Need for unscheduled supplemental IV therapy in children given this solution was reduced by 33%

==Contents==
Components:<ref>[http://www.who.int/medicines/publications/pharmacopoeia/Oralrehydrationsalts.pdf Oral rehydration salts]</ref>
*2.6g NaCl
*2.9g Trisodium citrate
*1.5 g KCl
*13.5 g glucose 
*per 1L of water


*Sodium = 75 mEq/L
*Glucose = 75 mmol/L
*Total osmolarity = 245 mOsm/L

==Preparations==
[[File:DripDrop ORS Flavor packets and cup of watermelon DripDrop.jpg|thumb|There are multiple different brands selling ORS solutions. Check to confirm their formulation is consistent with current guidelines.]]
===Commercially Available===
*Pedialyte
*Rehydralyte
*Infalyte

===Reduced-Osmolarity ORS Homemade Solution<ref name="who.int">, [http://www.who.int/cholera/technical/en/ "WHO position paper on Oral Rehydration Salts to reduce mortality from cholera."] World Health Organization, Global Task Force on Cholera Control.</ref>===
{| {{table}}
| align="center" style="background:#f0f0f0;"|'''Component'''
| align="center" style="background:#f0f0f0;"|'''Amount'''
| align="center" style="background:#f0f0f0;"|'''Grams'''
|-
| Sugar||6 level teaspoons||25.2
|-
| Salt (NaCl)||0.5 teaspoons||2.1
|-
| Water||1 liter||1,000
|}

==Directions==
*Should be encouraged to drink frequent, small sips 
**Even patients who are vomiting can often be treated orally if they take small frequent sips
*Vomiting frequently subsides acidosis is corrected

==See Also==
*[[Dehydration (peds)]]
*[[Diarrhea]]
*[[Cholera]]

==External Links==
*http://rehydrate.org/ors/low-osmolarity-ors.htm

==References==
<references/>

[[Category:FEN]]
[[Category:GI]]