Psychogenic nonepileptic seizure: Difference between revisions

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==References==
==References==
<references/>
<references/>
*Chen DK. Psychogenic Non-epileptic Seizure.  Uptodate. Updated May 18, 2018. Accessed June 1, 2018. https://www.uptodate.com/contents/psychogenic-nonepileptic-seizures?search=psychogenic%20nonepileptic%20seizures&source=search_result&selectedTitle=1~31&usage_type=default&display_rank=1


[[Category:Neurology]]
[[Category:Neurology]]
*Chen DK. Psychogenic Non-epileptic Seizure.  Uptodate. Updated May 18, 2018. Accessed June 1, 2018. https://www.uptodate.com/contents/psychogenic-nonepileptic-seizures?search=psychogenic%20nonepileptic%20seizures&source=search_result&selectedTitle=1~31&usage_type=default&display_rank=1

Revision as of 05:43, 5 June 2018

Background

  • Psychogenic nonepileptic seizure (PNES) characterized disturbances of motor, sensory, autonomic, cognitive, and/or emotional functions that can mimic epileptic seizures.
  • In contrast to epileptic seizures, PNES are not associated with abnormally excessive neuronal activity but are instead derived from psychologic causes.
  • The term pseudoseizures and hysterical seizures are historical terms that are now discouraged.
  • Accurate diagnosis is best achieved via a detailed history, physical examination, selected testing, and neurology and/or psychiatry evaluation.
  • Epidemiology
    • Estimated incidence rate ranges from 1.5 to 5 per 100,000 persons per year.
    • Estimate prevalence 2 to 33 per 100,000 persons.
  • Etiology
    • Dissociative disorders and conversion disorders are felt to be the underlying cause to most episodes of PNES.

Clinical Features

Differential Diagnosis

Differential diagnosis of seizures

Seizure

Evaluation

Management

  • Avoid invasive medical procedures
  • Some patients will improve after they are told the diagnosis in a compassionate, non-jugdemental fashion.
  • If new diagnosis or diagnostic uncertainty consider admission for neurology consult and video EEG.
  • Psychiatric intervention is the main treatment modality for PNES. (e.g. outpatient cognitive behavioral therapy (CBT)).
    • The purpose of psychiatric consultation is to identify underlying psychiatric conditions that can help direct treatment.

Disposition

  • If symptoms improve consider discharge with close neurology and psychiatry follow-up to rule out epilepsy and identify and treat the underlying psychiatric origin of symptoms.
  • If symptoms cannot be controlled or patient/family are not accepting of diagnosis. Consider admission for observation and further evaluation.
  • Prognosis:
    • 25-38 percent of patients achieve seizure freedom
    • Children have a better prognosis than adults, with 70 to 80 percent achieving seizure remission

See Also

External Links

References