Molluscum contagiosum: Difference between revisions
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==Background== | ==Background== | ||
*Self-limited skin condition caused by Molluscum Contagiosum Virus, member of poxvirus family | |||
*Most common in children 0-14yo.<ref name="Olsen">Olsen JR, Gallacher J, Piguet V, Francis NA. Epidemiology of molluscum contagiosum in children: a systematic review. Fam Pract. 2014 Apr;31(2):130-6. doi: 10.1093/fampra/cmt075.</ref> | |||
**Also affects sexually active adults and immunocompromised patients<ref name="Nadhini">Nandhini G, Rajkumar K, Kanth KS, Nataraj P, Ananthakrishnan P, Arunachalam M. Molluscum Contagiosum in a 12-Year-Old Child – Report of a Case and Review of Literature. Journal of International Oral Health : JIOH. 2015;7(1):63-66.</ref> | |||
*Transmitted via direct contact (including sexual contact) or fomites. | |||
[[File:Mollusca1klein.jpg|thumb|[[Molluscum contagiosum]] lesions on an arm]] | [[File:Mollusca1klein.jpg|thumb|[[Molluscum contagiosum]] lesions on an arm]] | ||
[[File:Molluscaklein.jpg|thumb|[[Molluscum contagiosum]] at higher magnification]] | [[File:Molluscaklein.jpg|thumb|[[Molluscum contagiosum]] at higher magnification]] | ||
==Clinical Features== | |||
*Begins as painless, small papule | |||
*Becomes raised, pearly, flesh-colored dome with central umbilication (called "mollusca")<ref name="Nadhini" /> | |||
**Cental umbilication contains plug of virus-filled white caseous material. | |||
**Can be solitary or multiple, and can affect any part of the body. | |||
==Differential Diagnosis== | ==Differential Diagnosis== | ||
{{Peds Rash DDX}} | {{Peds Rash DDX}} | ||
== | ==Diagnostic Evaluation== | ||
*Clinical diagnosis | *Clinical diagnosis, based on history and physical examination | ||
*Biopsy with histology can confirm diagnosis if unclear | |||
==Management== | ==Management== | ||
*Self-limited - no specific treatment necessary | |||
**Lesions resolve within 6-18 months in immunocompetent patients<ref name="Nadhini" /> | |||
**Treatment may be warranted in immunocompromised patients, for cosmesis, or to prevent autoinnoculation | |||
*Treatment options<ref name="Nadhini" /> | |||
**Cryotherapy - liquid nitrogen, dry ice, etc. | |||
**Scrub with betadine or retin-A 0.025% gel for 5 minutes daily | |||
**Surgical excision (may cause scarring) | |||
**PO antivirals (e.g. Cidofovir) | |||
==Disposition== | ==Disposition== | ||
*Discharge | |||
==See Also== | ==See Also== | ||
| Line 20: | Line 39: | ||
==External Links== | ==External Links== | ||
== | ==References== | ||
<references/> | <references/> | ||
[[Category:Derm]] | [[Category:Derm]] | ||
[[Category:ID]] | [[Category:ID]] | ||
Revision as of 04:03, 8 September 2015
Background
- Self-limited skin condition caused by Molluscum Contagiosum Virus, member of poxvirus family
- Most common in children 0-14yo.[1]
- Also affects sexually active adults and immunocompromised patients[2]
- Transmitted via direct contact (including sexual contact) or fomites.
Molluscum contagiosum lesions on an arm
Molluscum contagiosum at higher magnification
Clinical Features
- Begins as painless, small papule
- Becomes raised, pearly, flesh-colored dome with central umbilication (called "mollusca")[2]
- Cental umbilication contains plug of virus-filled white caseous material.
- Can be solitary or multiple, and can affect any part of the body.
Differential Diagnosis
Pediatric Rash
- Atopic dermatitis
- Bed bugs
- Contact dermatitis
- Drug rash
- Erythema infectiosum (Fifth disease)
- Hand-foot-and-mouth disease
- Henoch-schonlein purpura (HSP)
- Herpangina
- Herpes simplex virus (HSV)
- Infectious mononucleosis
- Meningitis
- Measles
- Molluscum contagiosum
- Roseola infantum
- Rubella (German measles)
- Scabies
- Scarlet fever
- Smallpox
- Varicella (Chickenpox)
Diagnostic Evaluation
- Clinical diagnosis, based on history and physical examination
- Biopsy with histology can confirm diagnosis if unclear
Management
- Self-limited - no specific treatment necessary
- Lesions resolve within 6-18 months in immunocompetent patients[2]
- Treatment may be warranted in immunocompromised patients, for cosmesis, or to prevent autoinnoculation
- Treatment options[2]
- Cryotherapy - liquid nitrogen, dry ice, etc.
- Scrub with betadine or retin-A 0.025% gel for 5 minutes daily
- Surgical excision (may cause scarring)
- PO antivirals (e.g. Cidofovir)
Disposition
- Discharge
See Also
External Links
References
- ↑ Olsen JR, Gallacher J, Piguet V, Francis NA. Epidemiology of molluscum contagiosum in children: a systematic review. Fam Pract. 2014 Apr;31(2):130-6. doi: 10.1093/fampra/cmt075.
- ↑ 2.0 2.1 2.2 2.3 Nandhini G, Rajkumar K, Kanth KS, Nataraj P, Ananthakrishnan P, Arunachalam M. Molluscum Contagiosum in a 12-Year-Old Child – Report of a Case and Review of Literature. Journal of International Oral Health : JIOH. 2015;7(1):63-66.