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Background
- 1 or more mitral valve leaflets bow into left atrium during systole
- Most common valve disease in industrial countries (2.4% of pop.)
- Myxomatous degeneration from connective tissue disorder
Clinical Features
Symptoms
- Studies failed to demonstrate that chest pain, anxiety, or palpitations are associated with MVP
- Symptoms related to autonomic dysfunction: fatigue, anxiety, exercise intolerance
- If progresses to MR, CHF symptoms
Physical exam
- Mid-systolic click
- Late systolic murmur, crescendo into S2
- Increasing preload decreases murmur while decreasing preload increases murmur
- May have associated physical features:
- Pectus excavatum
- Scoliosis
- Low body weight
- Marfanoid habitus
Differential Diagnosis
Evaluation
Workup
Diagnosis
Transesophageal echocardiogram of mitral valve prolapse
- Echocardiogram is gold standard
Management
- Asymptomatic
- Symptoms of autonomic dysfunction
- Signs of progression to MR
- Neuro sequelae
- Click / Murmur
Complications
See Also
External Links
References