Idiopathic intracranial hypertension: Difference between revisions

(Text replacement - "Category:Neuro" to "Category:Neurology")
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*Cause is idiopathic, but believed be due to impaired CSF absorption at arachnoid villi
*Cause is idiopathic, but believed be due to impaired CSF absorption at arachnoid villi
*Associated with OCPs, vitamin A, [[tetracycline]] and thyroid disorders
*Associated with OCPs, vitamin A, [[tetracycline]] and thyroid disorders
==Work-Up==
#CT scan (negative or slit-like ventricles)
#[[LP]] (Opening pressure >25)
#MR venogram (to r/o cerebral venous sinus thrombosis)


==Clinical Features==
==Clinical Features==
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#[[Nausea and Vomiting]]
#[[Nausea and Vomiting]]
#Vision blurring
#Vision blurring
==Diagnosis==
#Young, obese women
#[[Headache]] (worse in AM / with manuvers increasing ICP)
#Papilledema (optic atrophy/vision loss)
##can be visualized with [[Ultrasound: Ocular|ultrasound]]
#[[Neuro Exam]] frequently normal
##May have cranial nerve palsies in severe, most often CN 6


==Differential Diagnosis==
==Differential Diagnosis==
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*[[Stroke]]
*[[Stroke]]


==Treatment==
==Diagnosis==
#Young, obese women
#[[Headache]] (worse in AM / with manuvers increasing ICP)
#Papilledema (optic atrophy/vision loss)
##can be visualized with [[Ultrasound: Ocular|ultrasound]]
#[[Neuro Exam]] frequently normal
##May have cranial nerve palsies in severe, most often CN 6
 
===Work-Up===
#CT scan (negative or slit-like ventricles)
#[[LP]] (Opening pressure >25)
#MR venogram (to r/o cerebral venous sinus thrombosis)
 
==Management==
#Repeat [[LP]]s (decrease CSF pressure) - large volume LPs on the order of 30-40 cc of CSF
#Repeat [[LP]]s (decrease CSF pressure) - large volume LPs on the order of 30-40 cc of CSF
#[[Acetazolamide]] 500mg BID (decrease CSF production)
#[[Acetazolamide]] 500mg BID (decrease CSF production)
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*Otherwise, discharge w/ ophtho f/u for formal visual field monitoring
*Otherwise, discharge w/ ophtho f/u for formal visual field monitoring


==Source==
==External Links==
Tintinalli
[http://www.stemlynspodcast.org/mobile/e/an-approach-to-headache-in-the-ed-induction-series/ Induction to EM: An approach to headache in the ED. St.Emlyn’s]
 
==See Also==
[[Ocular ultrasound]]
 
==References==
<references\>


[[Category:Neurology]]
[[Category:Neurology]]

Revision as of 19:37, 16 June 2016

Background

  • Also known as pseudotumor cerebri/benign intracranial hypertension (BIH)
  • Cause is idiopathic, but believed be due to impaired CSF absorption at arachnoid villi
  • Associated with OCPs, vitamin A, tetracycline and thyroid disorders

Clinical Features

  1. Headache
  2. Nausea and Vomiting
  3. Vision blurring

Differential Diagnosis

Diagnosis

  1. Young, obese women
  2. Headache (worse in AM / with manuvers increasing ICP)
  3. Papilledema (optic atrophy/vision loss)
    1. can be visualized with ultrasound
  4. Neuro Exam frequently normal
    1. May have cranial nerve palsies in severe, most often CN 6

Work-Up

  1. CT scan (negative or slit-like ventricles)
  2. LP (Opening pressure >25)
  3. MR venogram (to r/o cerebral venous sinus thrombosis)

Management

  1. Repeat LPs (decrease CSF pressure) - large volume LPs on the order of 30-40 cc of CSF
  2. Acetazolamide 500mg BID (decrease CSF production)
  3. Furosemide 20 mg PO BID, give potassium supp as needed
  4. Weight loss
  5. CSF Shunt
  6. Optic nerve sheath fenestration

Disposition

  • Admit for:
    • Severe pain
    • Focal findings
    • Vision changes
  • Otherwise, discharge w/ ophtho f/u for formal visual field monitoring

External Links

Induction to EM: An approach to headache in the ED. St.Emlyn’s

See Also

Ocular ultrasound

References

<references\>