Cefdinir

Revision as of 22:25, 20 April 2018 by Dteoli (talk | contribs) (→‎Common)

General

  • Type: Third generation cephalosporin
  • Dosage Forms: capsule, oral suspension
  • Dosage Strengths: capsule: 300mg; oral suspension: 125mg/5mL, 250mg/5mL
  • Routes of Administration: PO
  • Common Trade Names: Omnicef

Adult Dosing

Pediatric Dosing

  • 14mg/kg/d PO divided q12-24hrs x10 days, max of 600mg/day

Special Populations

  • Pregnancy Rating: B
  • Lactation: Probably safe
  • Renal Dosing
    • Adult: CrCl <30, 300mg q24hrs; CrCl <10, 300mg q48hrs; supplement after HD
    • Pediatric: CrCl <30, 7mg/kg q24, max 300mg/dose; supplement after HD
  • Hepatic dosing not defined

Contraindications

  • Allergy to class/drug

Adverse Reactions

Serious

Common

  • Diarrhea
  • Stool discoloration which is guiac negative and returns to normal color after cessation

Pharmacology

  • Half-life: 100 min
  • Metabolism: Not appreciably metabolized
  • Excretion: Urine (7-25% as unchanged drug)
  • Mechanism of Action: Bactericidal, inhibits bacterial cell wall synthesis

Antibiotic Sensitivities[1]

Group Organism Sensitivity
Gram Positive Strep. Group A, B, C, G S
Strep. Pneumoniae S
Viridans strep S
Strep. anginosus gp X1
Enterococcus faecalis R
Enterococcus faecium X1
MSSA S
MRSA R
CA-MRSA R
Staph. Epidermidis I
C. jeikeium X1
L. monocytogenes R
Gram Negatives N. gonorrhoeae S
N. meningitidis X1
Moraxella catarrhalis S
H. influenzae S
E. coli S
Klebsiella sp S
E. coli/Klebsiella ESBL+ R
E coli/Klebsiella KPC+ R
Enterobacter sp, AmpC neg R
Enterobacter sp, AmpC pos R
Serratia sp R
Serratia marcescens X1
Salmonella sp S
Shigella sp S
Proteus mirabilis S
Proteus vulgaris I
Providencia sp. X1
Morganella sp. R
Citrobacter freundii R
Citrobacter diversus X1
Citrobacter sp. S
Aeromonas sp X1
Acinetobacter sp. X1
Pseudomonas aeruginosa R
Burkholderia cepacia X1
Stenotrophomonas maltophilia X1
Yersinia enterocolitica X1
Francisella tularensis X1
Brucella sp. X1
Legionella sp. R
Pasteurella multocida S
Haemophilus ducreyi X1
Vibrio vulnificus X1
Misc Chlamydophila sp X1
Mycoplasm pneumoniae X1
Rickettsia sp X1
Mycobacterium avium X1
Anaerobes Actinomyces X1
Bacteroides fragilis X1
Prevotella melaninogenica X1
Clostridium difficile X1
Clostridium (not difficile) X1
Fusobacterium necrophorum X1
Peptostreptococcus sp. X1

Key

  • S susceptible/sensitive (usually)
  • I intermediate (variably susceptible/resistant)
  • R resistant (or not effective clinically)
  • S+ synergistic with cell wall antibiotics
  • U sensitive for UTI only (non systemic infection)
  • X1 no data
  • X2 active in vitro, but not used clinically
  • X3 active in vitro, but not clinically effective for Group A strep pharyngitis or infections due to E. faecalis
  • X4 active in vitro, but not clinically effective for strep pneumonia

See Also

References

  1. Sanford Guide to Antimicrobial Therapy 2014