Calcium gluconate

Revision as of 09:54, 31 July 2015 by Bobzmac (talk | contribs)

General

Adult Dosing

  • Calcium Supplementation
    • 19-50 years old: 1000 mg/day PO (divided q8-12hr)
    • >50 years old: 1200 mg/day PO (divided q8-12hr)
    • Pregnant or breastfeeding patient: 1000 mg/day PO (divided q8-12hr)
  • Hypocalcemia
    • Mild (Calcium 1-1.2 mmol/L)
      • 1-3 g/day PO in divided doses
      • 1-2 g IV over 2 hours
    • Severe (Calcium < 1 mmol/L)
      • without seizure or tetany: 0.5 mg/kg/hr IV, may be increased to 2 mg/kg/hr
      • Hypocalcemic tetany:
        • 100-300 mg elemental calcium (~3g calcium gluconate) IV over 5-10 min
        • Followed by continuous IV infusion at 0.5 mg/kg/hr

Pediatric Dosing

Special Populations

Contraindications

  • Hypersensitivity
  • Hypercalcemia
  • Digoxin poisoning

Adverse Reactions

  • Frequency not defined
  • Bradycardia
  • Constipation
  • Headache

Pharmacology

  • Half-life:
  • Metabolism:
    • Absorption requires Vitamin D
    • Absorption is increased with acidic condition; thus, administer 1-2 hr after meals
    • ~45% protein bound (primarily to albumin)
  • Excretion: Feces (80%), Urine (20%)
  • Mechanism of Action: Bone mineral component; cofactor in enzymatic reactions, essential for neurotrasmission, muscle contraction, and many signal transduction pathways.

Comments

See Also

References