View source for Caffeine withdrawal

==Background==
*Caffeine dependence and withdrawal is very common
*Up to 52% of moderate caffeine uses have withdrawal symptoms<ref>Silverman K, et al. Withdrawal syndrome after the double-blind cessation of caffeine consumption. NEJM. 1992; 327(16):1109–1114.</ref>

{{Caffeine common dosages table}}

==Clinical Features==
*Most common symptoms
**Headache
**Fatigue
**Decreased energy/activeness
**Decreased alertness
**Drowsiness
**Decreased contentedness
**Depressed mood 
**Difficulty concentrating, irritability, and foggy/not clearheaded  
*Additional symptoms
**Flu-like symptoms
**Nausea/vomiting
**Muscle pain/stiffness

==Differential Diagnosis==
{{Headache DDX}}

==Evaluation==
*History should can be sufficient
*Consider further workup in ambiguous cases

==Management==
*OTC analgesics
*Hydration
*Rest/Sleep

==Disposition==
*Rule out more serious etiologies
*Timing<ref>Juliano LM and Griffiths RR. A critical review of caffeine withdrawal: empirical validation of symptoms and signs, incidence, severity, and associated features . Psychopharmacology. 2008; 176(1):1–29.</ref>
**Onset 12–24 h after abstinence
**Peak intensity at 20–51 h
**Duration of 2–9 days

==See Also==
*[[Caffeine]]
*[[Caffeine toxicity]]

==External Links==

==References==
<references/>

[[Category:Toxicology]]