Template:ACL clinical features

Hearing/feeling a "pop" during injury with ensuing knee instability is pathognomonic
Lever Sign or Lelli’s test (highest sensitivity at 94-100%)
- Place a fist under the proximal third of the calf
- Apply moderate force to the anterior quadriceps
- Heel should raise off table if ACL is intact
Anterior Drawer Sign
- Pt supine, knee flexed 90', attempt to displace tibia from femur in a forward direction
- Displacement of >6mm compared w/ opposite knee indicates injury
Lachman Test
- Pt supine, knee flexed 30', femur held w/ one hand, prox tibia pulled up w/ other hand
- Displacement >5mm or soft end-point indicates injury
Pivot Shift Test
Segond Fracture
- Pathognomonic for ACL tear but rare