Amphotericin B

Administration

• Type: Antifungal
• Dosage Forms:
• Routes of Administration: IV
• Common Trade Names: AmBisome, "ampho-terrible"

Adult Dosing

Dosing is NOT interchangeable between different formulations of amphotericin B (e.g. conventional amphotericin, amphotericin lipid complex, liposome, cholesteryl sulfate complex) due to significant variations in pharmacokinetics. Call your institution's pharmacy (or ID) if unsure about correct dose.

Special Populations

• Pregnancy Rating: B
• Lactation risk: Infant risk cannot be ruled out

Renal Dosing

• Adult:
• Pediatric:

Hepatic Dosing

• Adult:
• Pediatric:

Contraindications

• Allergy to class/drug

Adverse Reactions

Serious

• Nephrotoxicity/renal failure, hemorrhagic cystitis
• Anaphylaxis
• Cardiac arrest

Common

• Hypokalemia, hypomagnesemia, hyperglycemia (check BMP at least daily)
• Rigors
• Nausea/vomiting, diarrhea
• Anemia
• Rash
• Dyspnea
• Insomnia

Pharmacology

• Half-life: Depends on formulation, 1-14 days
• Metabolism: unknown
• Excretion:

Mechanism of Action

• Binds to ergosterol in fungal cell membranes-> intracellular contents leak out--> cell dies