Nitroprusside

Background

Sodium nitroprusside is primarily used as a potent vasodilator. It works predominantly in arterioles and venules as a result of its breakdown to nitric oxide (NO). It is intravenously infused in cases of acute hypertensive crises and its effect is usually seen within minutes. Nitric oxide reduces both total peripheral resistance and venous return, thus decreasing both preload and afterload.

Mechanism of Action

Potent arteriolar dilation from its active metabolite, nitric oxide (NO).

Adverse Drug Reactions

• Cyanide toxicity