Kanamycin: Difference between revisions
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==Black Box Warnings== | ==Black Box Warnings== | ||
*Neurotoxicity/Ototoxicity | *Neurotoxicity/Ototoxicity | ||
**Increased risk with renal impairment, high dose, prolonged | **Increased risk with renal impairment, high dose, prolonged treatment | ||
*Nephrotoxicity | *Nephrotoxicity | ||
**Increased risk with renal impairment, high dose, prolonged | **Increased risk with renal impairment, high dose, prolonged treatment | ||
**Monitor renal function, peak/trough levels | **Monitor renal function, peak/trough levels | ||
Revision as of 04:15, 14 July 2016
Administration
- Type: Aminoglycoside
- Dosage Forms: 1 g/3 mL
- Routes of Administration: IM, IV
Black Box Warnings
- Neurotoxicity/Ototoxicity
- Increased risk with renal impairment, high dose, prolonged treatment
- Nephrotoxicity
- Increased risk with renal impairment, high dose, prolonged treatment
- Monitor renal function, peak/trough levels
- Neuromuscular Blockade
- Risk of respiratory paralysis possible with any route of administration
Adult Dosing
- Bacterial Infections: 7.5 mg/kg IM/IV q12h
- For obese patients, use adjusted wt of IBW + 0.4 x (ABW - IBW)
- Adjust dose based on serum levels
Pediatric Dosing
- Bacterial Infections: 7.5 mg/kg IM/IV q12h
Special Populations
- Pregnancy Risk Factor: D
Renal Dosing
- CrCl 50-80: give q12-24h
- CrCl 10-50: give q24-72h
- CrCl <10: give q48-72h
Contraindications
- Allergy to class/drug
Adverse Reactions
Serious
- Nephrotoxicity
- Ototoxicity, auditory
- Ototoxicity, vestibular
- Neurotoxicity
- Neuromuscular blockade
Common
- Hearing loss
- Tinnitus
- Vertigo
- BUN, Cr elevated
Pharmacology
- Half-life: 2-4 hrs
- Metabolism: CYP 450
- Excretion: Urine
Mechanism of Action
- Interferes with protein synthesis in bacterial cell by binding to ribosomal subunit
References
<UpToDate, MicroMedex/>